AIM To determine the effect of glutathione (GSH) on stress gastric mucosal lesion.METHODS The stress gastric mucosal lesion as produced by restraint water-immersion in rats and gastricmucosal lesion, gastric mucosal GSH content, gastric acid secretion and gastric barrier mucus secretion wereexamined. We also observed the effect of GSH on gastric mucosal lesion and the effect of N-ethylmaleimine(NEM) and indomethacin on GSH protection. Comparisons between two groups were made using the Students t test.RESULTS GSH (100 and 200 mg/kg) intraperitoneally protected against stress gastric mucosal lesion(P<0.001 and P<0.001). Restraint water-immersion stress significantly reduced gastric mucosal GSHcontent (P < 0.001), but pretreatment with GSH (100 mg/kg) had no effect on gastric mucosal GSH content(P>0.05). The preinjection of NEM (10 mg/kg, sc.), a sulfhydryl-blocking reagent, or indomethacin(5 mg/kg, im.), a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, had no effect on protection of GSH (P>0.05). GSH(100mg/kg) significantly increased secretion of gastric barrier mucus (P<0.05), but had no effect onsecretion of gastric acid in restraint water-immersed rats (P >0.05).CONCLUSION GSH can inhibit the formation of gastric mucosal lesions induced by restraint water-immersion. The protective effect of GSH was due, in part, to promoting the secretion of gastric barriermucus, but not to suppress the gastric acid secretion. The protection effect of GSH has no relation withgastric mucosal GSH and PGs.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

Acute diarrhoea may manifest as acute watery diarrhoea or dysentery. The key to the management of acutewatery diarrhoea is correction of dehydration, proper feeding and appropriate use of antibiotic in selectedcases. Correction of dehydration may be done by oral route by using oral rehydration salts solution (ORS)recornmended by WHO/UNICEF or by intravenous administration of fluid and electrolytes, the preferredsolution being Ringer＇s lactate. Antibiotic is required for severe cholera and shigellosis. Antiparasitic drugsare required for amoebiasis or giardiasis. Use of various antidiarrhoeals is strongly discouraged. Feedingduring diarrhoea is very important. It does not worsen diarrhoea rather hastens recovery and preventsmalnutrition. Supplementation of zinc as an adjunct to rehydration therapy has also been suggested.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To investigate the diagnostic value of CagA IgG in serum.METHODS Seventy three patients with peptic ulcer infected with HP were eradicated by antibioticstherapy. At pretreatment, wk9 and wk20 after treatment, the detection of Hp in gastric muscosa bybacteriologic method were performed, and CagA and whole-cell antigen of HP igG in serum by ELISAmethod were also performed at the same time.RESULTS The IgG titres of Hp CagA and whole-cell antigen changes in accordance with the efficacy ofHp eradicated. The former with an earlier appearance and a greater number of cases decreased to normallevel in comparison with the latter.CONCLUSION CagA IgG is a better index for observing the effectiveness of the eradication of Hp.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To search for a new surgical method which accords with physiologico-anatomical principles, reducethe incidence rate of some postoperative complications in conventional Billroth I (CB1) gastrectomy andraise the life quality of patients after surgery.METHODS Using the blood vessels and innervation of the remaining stomach and duodenum, we designeda new pyloric sphincter reconstruction (PSR) in Billroth I gastrectomy, in which the end of the duodenumremnant is surrounded by the seromuscular valve of 2 cm wide in the end of the greater curvature, thickenedthe muscle of the stoma and reconstructed a similar pylorus with the sphincteric function.RESULTS Eleven patients were treated, 8 males and 3 females, 6 malignant and 5 benign and 1accompanied by mould infection, aged from 33 to 73 years, with 1 to 29 years of gastric disease history(average 7.9 years). The function of gastric emptying was shown to be essentially normal by barium mealstudy with video record one month after the operation. The pyloric-like control effect was present in thereconstructive pylorus. PSR vs CB1 vs NES (P >0.01); PSR vs CB1 (P < 0.01); PSR vs NSE (P >0.05).CONCLUSION The new method of pyloric reconstruction is safer, simpler and more effective thanconventional procedures. This method can be applied to all patients for whom Billroth 1 anastomosis can beperformed regardless of benign or malignant lesion.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To investigate the effect of BCG vaccine and dipyridamole in treating hepatitis B due to their anti-virus effects.METHODS Among 602 patients with positive HBeAg, 512 were allocated to the treatment group and 90patients to the control group. There was no significant difference in disease and age between the two groups.All the patients in the treatment group with no abnormal findings by chest X-ray fluoroscopy, whose localskin scleromata diameters were less than 7 mm after the 1:2000 OT test, were given BCG vaccine 0.1 mlintracutaneously at the deltoid once a month, and simultaneously took dipyridamole 50 mg twice a day forfour to eight months. The hepatic function, B-mode ultrasound and the five markers of hepatitis B wereroutinely examined before each injection. The results at one month after the last injection in the treatmentgroup were compared with those of the control group.RESULTS The recovery rates of hepatic functions and the rates of improvement of the symptoms and signsin the treatment group were better than those in the control group. The negative transformation rates ofHBeAg and the positive transformation rates of HBeAb were 60.3% and 31.6% in the treatment group vs.13.3% and 13.0% in the control group (P<0.01, Test x2, x2=26.82, 6.81). The negative transformationrates of HBsAg and the positive transformation rates of HBsAb were 5.5% and 8.2% in the treatment groupvs. 5.6% and 9.9% in the control group (P>0.05. Test x2, x2=1.11, 0.22).CONCLUSION The application of BCG vaccine in combination with dipyridamole increased the negativetransformation rate of HBeAg and the positive transformation rate of HBeAb, improved the clinicalsymptoms, signs and hepatic function of the patients. These two drugs had significant anti-HBV effect andshowed good efficacy in the treatment of HBV infection.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To substantiate the therapeutic effects of carbonate buffer mixture on naturally occurringgastrointestinal atony in cattle.METHODS Therapeutic effects of carbonate buffer mixture (Na2CO350 g, NaHCO3420 g, KCI 20 g, NaC1100 g, water 10 L) were observed in 120 cases of gastrointestinal atony including forestomach atony, rumenimpaction, rumen acidosis, omasum impaction and intestinal constipation. Judgement of curative effects ascure: after treated, the cases become clinically normal in general conditions, appetite, rumination, ruminalperistalsis and defecation; uncure: after giving two doses, the gasto-intestinal atony has not been eliminated.RESULTS Average cure rate of carbonate buffer mixture on above-mentioned diseases were 95%, andaverage dose was 1.4±0.5.CONCLUSION Being a new approach for treatment of gastrointestinal atony in ruminants, the carbonatebuffer mixture can eliminate the gastrointestinal atony originated from the over acidity in gastrointestinalcanal.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To evaluate the effect of chitosan on rat body weight, concetration of plasma leptin and serumtestosterone.METHODS Five groups of rats were respectively given access to basic diet, high fat diet and high fat dietwith different doses of chitosan (1.5%,3.0% and 6.0% of chitosan in high fat diet respectively) for 7 wk.All rats were weighed once a week. By the end of wk 7, the animals were sacrificed and their blood sampleswere taken, the concentration of plasma leptin and serum testosterone were determined by RIA Kit method.RESULTS At the end of wk7, the average body weight of rats treated with high-fat diet was 67.3 gheavier than that with the basic diet, however, the average body weight of rats treated with high doses of chitosan in high-fat diet was 56.3 g lighter than that with high-fat diet (P < 0.01). In addition, plasma leptinconcentration in rats treated with high fat diet was significantly different from those with basic diet(P<0.01); plasma leptin concentration in rats treated with high dose of chitosan in high-fat diet wassignificantly lower than those with high-fat diet (P<0.01), but was significantly higher than those withbasic diet (P<0.05). Serum testosterone level in rats treated with high-fat diet was significantly lower thanthose with basic diet (P<0.01). Serum testosterone levels in rats administrated high dose of chitosan inhigh-fat diet were sighificantly lower than those with high-fat diet (P<0.01).CONCLUSION Chitosan prevents the increase of rat body weight induced by high-fat diet, and lowersplasma leptin and serum testosterone in rats.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To observe the therapeutic effect of Welcome on gastric mucosal dysplasia in rats.METHODS Rats with gastric mucosal dysplasia induced by MMNG and heat-damage were treated withWelcome, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine compound which has the functions of replenishing qi toinvigorate the spleen, and of nourishing the liver and kidney and clearing away heat and toxic materials, thecontrol rats were treated with saline and tretinoin.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results showed Welcome could obviously block the mutagenic action ofMNNG and prevent the occurrence of gastric mucosal dysplasia of rats.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To determine NO, NO synthase (NOS) and NOSmRNA of the esophageal carcinoma cells (SHEEC1)in apoptotic process induced by As2O3 and to explore the relationship between NO and apoptosis.METHODS The apoptosis of the cell line (SHEEC1) was induced by arsenite (As2O3, 5 μmol/L and10 μmol/L). In the process, at 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 16 h and 24 h after administration of As2O3, NO production incultural medium was detected quantitatively by spectrophotometry; NOS Ⅱ was detected byimmunohistochemistry and NOS mRNA by in situ hybridization (ISH). The cells at endpoint of theexperiment were examined under transmitted electron microscope (TEM) for apoptosis.RESULTS The amount of NO released from SHEEC1 were increased from the basal condition (0.68×10-2μmol/L) up to the high level (2.38×10-2μmol/L) at h 16. The increment of NOS Ⅱ was found afteradministration of As2O3; the intracytoplasmic ISH signals of NOSmRNA in small size was found firstly at4 h, and then became highly predominant. Apoptotic changes of SHEEC1 occurred at 24 h under TEM.CONCLUSION After administration of As2O3, NO released from cultured SHEEC1 cells was detected withincreasing amount up to 16 h. The expression of NOS H and transcription of NOSmRNA are upregulated.The present findings suggest a concept that the NO may be a mediated and effective factor in apoptosisinduced by As2O3,

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To evaluate the clinical significance of early nutrition support in severe head-injured patients.METHODS One hundred and forty cases (GCS≤8) were randomly divided into 5 groups: each one had 28cases with similar data in age, sex, GCS or prognosis (P>0.05, x2= 0.43). Group A were given earlyparenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN); group B were given early PN and EN after 1 week;group C were given PN only for more than 2 weeks; group D were given early PN only and group E weregiven traditional delayed EN. The clinical nutritional data, the rate of complication and the progrosis wereobserved and statistical comparison (t test and Chi-square test) was made.RESULTS The severe head-injured patients could get nourishment from different ways at early stage.Groups A and B had better outcomes and their clinical data such as blood glucose, blood total goblin, bloodalbumin, lymphocyte amount were superior to that of groups D and E (P<0.05, t = 2.12) and were thesame as that of group C (P>0.05, t = 0.98), the rate of complication and the prognosis of patients werebetter than that of the other groups. Group C had similar nutritional data in early stage, but had higher rateof complication and infection after 2 weeks than group A or B ( P<0.01, x2 = 7.38). Group A had lowerrate of gastric hemorrhage.CONCLUSION Early rational nutritional support had significant effect in the severe head-injured patients.The nutritional support of early PN and EN could afford nourishment, protect and improve the gastroentericfunction, reduce the rate of complication. So it is a rational nutritional support.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and the results of aseries of experiments.METHODS AND RESULTS Personal perspectives of surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma werebased on the experience of a series of patients with hilar bile duct cancer treated in the General Hospital ofPLA, Beijing from 1986 to 1999. A total of 157 cases were treated surgically, with 106 (67.5%) resections ofthe tumor , 37.6% of the resections was proved to be radical. The 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year survival rate of theradical resection group was 96.7%, 40.0%, 23.3% and 13.3%, respectively. No patient of the palliativeresection group lived beyond 3 years postoperatively. The recent trends of surgical management of hilar bileduct cancer were discussed. Experiments were carried out for cooperative clinicopathological study toevaluate the perineural space involvement, the neural cell adhesion molecule expression, p16 geneexpression, and the 3-dimensional reconstruction of the bile duct cancer specimens. The pathogeneticrelationship of HBV and HCV with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was evaluated by histochemical and IS-PCR methods. And an inquiry into the possibility of gene therapy was made.CONCLUSION Hilar bile duct cancer rarely runs a “benign” course. It is a regional disease rather than alocal affection and may be related to HBV and HCV infection in China. It possesses the metastasing abilityalong the perineural space by a “jumping” fashion, therefore, in most cases, conventional surgical excision isbound to be unradical in the region of the porta hepatis for anatomical reasons.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To study the relationship between the lipid peroxide (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and thepathogenesis of gastrointestinal cancers.METHODS We investigated the SOD activity and LPO levels in blood and mucosa of patients withesophageal (EC), gastric (GC) and colorectal cancer (CC), gastric ulcer (GU) and compared with normalesophagus (NE), stomach (NS) and colon (NC). respectively, 287 patients who underwent endoscopy werestudied. SOD activity of the tissue and blood was determined using SUN's adrenaline auto oxidation method.LPO levels were determined according to YU's method.RESULTS The SOD activity and LPO level in blood and mucosa are shown in the Table 1 (x±Sx).Table 1 SOD and LPO in blood and tissues of patients with gastrointestinal cancers SOD(U／mg protein) LPO(U／mg)Groups n Tissue blood Tissue BloodNormal stomachGastric ulcerGastric cancerNormal esophagusEsophageal cancerNormal colonColon cancer 60 42 43 32 52 28 30 1.90±0.18 0.64±0.40a 0.37±0.24a 1.17±0.70 0.39±0.30a 0.81±0.36 0.31±0.17b 33.70±1.73 25.50±0.67b 27.86±1.02b 30.80±3.78 28.23±10.63 20.97±4.77 19.35±7.32 0.01±0.004 0.05±0.010b 0.06±0.021b 0.014±0.005 0.061±0.033b 0.012±0.003 0.069±0.015b 0.83±0.01 0.11±0.02 0.12±0.03 0.08±0.02 0.11±0.02 0.08±0.03 0.11±0.02aP<0.001, bp<0.01 vs corresponding normal controls, respectively.CONCLUSION SOD activity of the tissue is significantly decreased in EC. GC and CC. LPO levels weresignificantly higher than those of corresponding normal tissue. These results suggest that mucosal SOD andLPO levels are closely related to the pathogenesis of the gastrointestinal cancers.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To investigate the short-term and long-term therapeutic effect of traditional medicine preparation andIFN-α1 b on hepatic fibrosis due to chronic hepatitis B.METHODS Fifty-two patients with hepatic fibrosis of hepatitis B were treated by IFN-alb and traditionalmedicine preparation, then observed the change of serum indexes of hepatic fibrosis, liver biopsy,ultrasonography and fibergastroscopy.RESULTS The serum indexes of hepatic fibrosis decreased significantly after 3-month treatment(P<0.05). The improvement of liver fibrosis was confirmed by liver biopsy, ultrasonography andfibergastroscopy. After 3-year continuous follow-up, the conditions of patients were got better. Symptomsand signs were disappeared. The pathohistologic change of liver, serum index of hepatic fibrosis and liverfunction were continuously improved.CONCLUSION The good short-term and long-term effects were obtained by using IFN-α1b to suppressduplication of hepatitis B virus and traditional medicine preparation to reverse hepatic fibrosis.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To increase the production of recombinant des (1 - 3) IGF- I by increasing the copy number of genecarried on an expression vector, and to partially purify the expressed des (1 - 3) IGF-Ⅰ , as well as compareits bio-activity with standard IGF-Ⅰ.METHODS Second copy of des (1 - 3) IGF-Ⅰ gene was inserted into pExSecl/IGF-Ⅰ expression vectorconstructed by our previous work and carryed already one des (1 -3) IGF-Ⅰ gene, to form PExSec1/2 (IGF-Ⅰ) expression plasmid, which carried two copies of tandem des (1 - 3) IGF-Ⅰ gene. This plasmid wastranformed into a protease-deficient E. coli strain BL21 (DE3). The engineered bacteria was cultured andinduced at low temperature. The expressed product was purified through ultra-filtration and gel-filtration.The bio-activity of partially purified protein was tested by MTT method and compared with standard IGF-Ⅰ.RESULTS The amount of des (1-3) IGF-Ⅰ expressed by pExSec 1/2 (IGF-Ⅰ) reached up to 19% -22%of the total soluble bacterial protein, which is about 7% higher than that of des (1 -3) IGF-Ⅰ expressed bypExSec1/IGF-Ⅰ. The purity of recombinant des (1 - 3) IGF-Ⅰ reached 49% and 82% respectively after thetreatments by ultra-filtration and gel-filtration. The result of MTT assay showed that the bio-activity of des(1- 3) 1GF-I after gel-filtration was about 77% of that of standard IGF-Ⅰ at the same concentration.CONCLUSION The yield of recombinant des (1 - 3) IGF-Ⅰ was increased about 7% by construction ofexpression plasmid with two copies of des (1 -3) IGF-Ⅰ gene, compared with only one copy of gene,preliminarily purified des (1 -3) IGF-Ⅰ showed relatively high biological activity, which was about 77% ofthat of standard IGF-Ⅰ.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To evaluate the clinical value of creatine kinase macroisoenzyme type 2 (CK-M2) and oligosaccharideprotein (OP) in serum from patients with gastric carcinoma (GC).METHODS Serum level of CK-M2 was detected by agar gel electrophoresis. OP concentration was measuredby an enzyme immunoassay.RESULTS Serum levels of CK-M2 and OP in 57 cases of GC were significantly higher than those in 51 caseswith gastric precancerous lesion and 28 controls. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for GC with CK-M2 was 56.10% and 98.63% respectively. CK-M2 and OP were not associated with histologic type and degreeof differentiation.CONCLUSION These results suggest that CK-M2 may serve as a marker to diagnose GC, and the specificityis higher, whereas OP is not more significant for GC diagnosis, but it could be a useful indicator forevaluation the status of body immune.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To investigate the role of sphincter of Boyden in bile excretion and its regulating factors.METHODS Perfusion manometry, choledocho-cineradiography, reaction of the sphincter of Boyden toendogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) and immunohistochemical quantitative analysis were performed in 16dogs to study the motility and morphology of the sphincter of Boyden in experimental (postcholecystectomy)group ( n = 8) and the control group (n = 8).RESULTS The bile duct surrounded by SB was a low-pressure lumen (10.0 ± 2.0 mmHg), in which thepressure was significantly different (P<0.01, t = 6. 195) from the basal pressure of the high-pressure area ofsphincter of Oddi (SO), its basal pressure (SOBP) was 16.9±0.5 mmHg. The SB was an enlarged ampulladuring bile excretion interval, and showed active contraction during bile excretion. Intrinsic CCK could causediastole of SO, but does not affect the systole and diastole of SB. After cholecystectomy, spastic contractionpersisted in SB, which could not be relieved by intrinsic CCK. The sensitivity to CCK of SO was decreased,and the evacuation time of media prolonged (27.0±3.4 min vs precholecystectomy 17.l±0.9min P<0.01,t =7.961). In immunohistochemistry analysis, the contents of a-actin, myosin in the SB of experimentalgroup showed no increase. Under electronic microscope, the main changes were 3D structuraldisarrangement of the cell framework, distortion of the microfilaments, swelling and aggregation ofmitochondria at the nuclear side.CONCLUSION The excretion of bile can be divided into two types, physiological bile excretion with a drivemainly caused by the contraction of SB, and the other, functional bile excretion with a drive mainly causedby the contraction of gallbladder. It seems that the function of SB was controlled by vagus, whereas SO wasmore sensitive to the intrinsic CCK, The intact gallbladder is an elemental factor of functional coordinationof SB and SO.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To investigate the morphological and ultrastructural changes in the human gastric carcinoma cell lineBGC-823 after being treated with tachyplesin.METHODS Tachyplesin was isolated from acid extracts of Chinese horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus)hemocytes. BGC-823 cells and the cells treated with 2.0 μg/mL tachyplesin were examined respectively withlight microscope, scanning and transmission electron microscope.RESULTS BGC-823 cells had undergone restorative morphological and ultrastructural changes after beingtreated with 2.0 μg/mL tachyplesin. The cells tended to be flat and spread, and their volume enlarged,nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio decreased, the shape of nucleus became relatively regular, the number and volumeof nuleous decreased, heterchromatin decreased while euchromatin increased, the number of mitochondriaincreased with their structure relatively consistent, Golgi apparatus turned to be typical, rough endoplasmicreticulum increased, polyribosome decreased, microvilli and filopodia reduced while lamellipodia increased.CONCLUSION Tachyplesin could change the malignant morphological and ultrastructural characteristics ofhuman gastric carcinoma cells effectively and had certain effects on inducing differentiation of human gastriccarcinoma cells.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To treat esophageal stricture secondary to the ingestion of corrosive materials in children using theileocolon with ileocecal valve as a substitute for esophagus.METHODS Between 1992 and 1999, isoperistaltic retrosternal ileocolic esophageal replacements wereperformed in 12 patients; 50 cadavers were studied to observe the vascularity in the ileocolic region andmetabolic indexes were measured before and after surgery or between the operative group and the normalcontrols in 20 piglet models.RESULTS A follow-up of 3 years in the 12 cases found no death in intra- and post- operative periodclinically. Cervical ileoesophageal anastomotic leaks occurred in 2 cases. The distribution pattern of venousvessel in the ileocolic region was far more constant than that of the artery. The arrangements of artery in theileocolic segment were classified into 7 types, and there was no interruption of paracolic anastomosis betweenarteries. The resections of 50 cm terminal ileum, cecum and 50 cm ascending colon affected enterohepaticcirculation of bile acid (bile salt) and the fatty metabolism in early period after surgery in piglet models.Shortening of the time and reducing of the area for water absorption after ileocolic resection resulted indiarrhea in piglet models. The loss of “bacterial barrier” role of ileocecal valve led to bacteria immigrationfrom colon to ileum and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.CONCLUSION The ileocolic esophageal replacement taking advantage of antireflux role of the ileocecalvalve has obtained satisfactory effect. To understand the characteristics of the patterns of arteries and veinsdistribution and physiological functions of the ileocolic segment is useful in guiding clinical practice andpostoperative management and preventing postoperative complications as well.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To explore the therapeutic potential of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides on hepatcellular cacinoma(HCC).METHODS Four antisense phosphorothioated oligodeoxynucleotides (asON), complementary to differentsites of HBV, were synthesized and assayed for their anti-HBV activity in HepG22. 2.15 cells with ELISA.The most effective asON was chosen for the following study: FACSCAN, TRAP and immuno-staining wereused respectively for checking apoptosis, telomerase activity and expression of oncogene p21ras and p62C-myc inHepG2.2.15 cells after treated by asON.RESULTS The oligomer directed against the initiator of pre-S2 was the most effective one with aninhibitory rate of 66% on HBsAg and 91% on HBeAg (P<0.02). Two inhibitory peaks (bimodal)appeared. Telomerase activity as well as the expression of p21fas and p62C-myc decreased drastically 3 days afterasON-HBpreS2 treatment. Meanwhile, apoptosis appeared in the experiments.CONCLUSION The inhibitory effects of as-preS2 on the HBV gene expression and the reversion of somemalignant behaviour in HepG2.2.15 cells were the significant, effective therapy against HBV infection andhepatocellular carcinoma.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To study the development of D (somatostatin-secreting) and P (bombesin-secreting) cells ofproventriculus from Shao ducks at different ages.METHODS Ninety Shao ducks were divided into nine groups, 10 ducks per group. The ducks were slayedgroupby group at the nine time points of week 0 (after hatching), 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22.Proventriculus samples from each duck were collected, fixed by Bouin solution and embedded with paraffin.gections were made and stained with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex kit (Dako Co., Ltd. ) to visualizeD and P cells of each proventriculus. Thirty glandular lobes per duck were observed for enumeration of Dand P cells.RESULTS ① Both D and P cells were mostly oval or polygonal shape with dumpy cytoplasmic processesand located in the inner and central area of the glandular lobe. ② The D and P cells peaked at wk 18 and 6respectively. ③ There was no apparent correlation between D cells and the body weight until wk 4. Negativecorrelation was observed from wk 6 and reached a marked level at 18wk (r = -0.829, P<0.05).Individuals with maximum body weight had less D cells than those with minimum body weight from wk 10-wk 18.CONCLUSION The morphology and distribution of D and P cells in the proventriculus of Shao ducks weresimilar to Peking ducks, gooses and chickens. Both D and P cells had continuing development during thepostnatal period, though the rates of their development were different. If appeared that beyond a definitenumber of D cells, they were negatively correlated with the body weight.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期