世界胃肠病学（英文版）杂志

AIM To establish an ideal model of gastric precancerous lesions for rats.METHODS Fifty rats were fed with carcinogen MNNG for 35 wk and heat-plaste at 60C for 20 wk, thepathological changes were observed. Data in the groups were analyzed by Ridit test.RESULTS The occurrence rate of dysplasia in rats due to MNNG and heat-damage was 65%, which wasobviously higher than that due to MNNG only. The differences between the two groups were significant.CONCLUSION The animal model made by MNNG and heat-damage was an ideal one which could be usedto investigate the pathologic mechanism of gastric precancerous lesions.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To observe the effects of Lanwei acupiont blockade with drug to prevent pull re,ponse duringappendectomy.METHODS Sixty patients with appendix (37 male and 23 female, ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ) aged from 16 to 58 yearsold, were divided into two groups at random, and they underwent persistent epidural nerve ,lock and McBurney opening. Group A for experiment (nA = 30) received persistent epidural nerve blck plus druginjection of Lanwei acupoint. And the control group, group B (nB=30), received simple epidural nerveblock. No remarkable difference was found in the general data of both groups (P>0.05).RESULTS None of the experimental group had marked nausea and vomiting. Twenty-six cases belonged tograde 0 (account for 86.67%). Three cases were of grade Ⅰ. One case was of grade Ⅱ. None belonged tograde Ⅲ. There were fewer changes in HR, BP and SPO2 during the operation. Compared with the experimental group. The results in the control group showed obvious changes in HR,BP and SPO2, especially at the time of 5 minute post-pull appendix (P<0.01). Eleven cases belonged tograde Ⅲ (36.67%), seven cases to grade Ⅱ and Four cases to grade Ⅰ, only 2 cases to grade 0.CONCLUSION Adjusting the function of Zang and Fu, maintaining the coordination and the balanceamong Zang and Fu, drug injection of Lanwei acupoint may prevent vagus-vagus reflex. The method issimple, easy, inexpensive and effective. It is advantageous to anesthetic care during the operation.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To evaluate the effect of chitosan on rat body weight, concetration of plasma leptin and serumtestosterone.METHODS Five groups of rats were respectively given access to basic diet, high fat diet and high fat dietwith different doses of chitosan (1.5%,3.0% and 6.0% of chitosan in high fat diet respectively) for 7 wk.All rats were weighed once a week. By the end of wk 7, the animals were sacrificed and their blood sampleswere taken, the concentration of plasma leptin and serum testosterone were determined by RIA Kit method.RESULTS At the end of wk7, the average body weight of rats treated with high-fat diet was 67.3 gheavier than that with the basic diet, however, the average body weight of rats treated with high doses of chitosan in high-fat diet was 56.3 g lighter than that with high-fat diet (P < 0.01). In addition, plasma leptinconcentration in rats treated with high fat diet was significantly different from those with basic diet(P<0.01); plasma leptin concentration in rats treated with high dose of chitosan in high-fat diet wassignificantly lower than those with high-fat diet (P<0.01), but was significantly higher than those withbasic diet (P<0.05). Serum testosterone level in rats treated with high-fat diet was significantly lower thanthose with basic diet (P<0.01). Serum testosterone levels in rats administrated high dose of chitosan inhigh-fat diet were sighificantly lower than those with high-fat diet (P<0.01).CONCLUSION Chitosan prevents the increase of rat body weight induced by high-fat diet, and lowersplasma leptin and serum testosterone in rats.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To explore the therapeutic potential of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides on hepatcellular cacinoma(HCC).METHODS Four antisense phosphorothioated oligodeoxynucleotides (asON), complementary to differentsites of HBV, were synthesized and assayed for their anti-HBV activity in HepG22. 2.15 cells with ELISA.The most effective asON was chosen for the following study: FACSCAN, TRAP and immuno-staining wereused respectively for checking apoptosis, telomerase activity and expression of oncogene p21ras and p62C-myc inHepG2.2.15 cells after treated by asON.RESULTS The oligomer directed against the initiator of pre-S2 was the most effective one with aninhibitory rate of 66% on HBsAg and 91% on HBeAg (P<0.02). Two inhibitory peaks (bimodal)appeared. Telomerase activity as well as the expression of p21fas and p62C-myc decreased drastically 3 days afterasON-HBpreS2 treatment. Meanwhile, apoptosis appeared in the experiments.CONCLUSION The inhibitory effects of as-preS2 on the HBV gene expression and the reversion of somemalignant behaviour in HepG2.2.15 cells were the significant, effective therapy against HBV infection andhepatocellular carcinoma.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

The last two decades of the twentieth century have witnessed increasingly successful rates of liver transplantation. The number of liver transplantations has increased steadily while the number of organ donors has remained relatively constant. Thus a great disparity has developed between the demand and supply of donor organs and remains a major limiting factor for further expansion of liver transplantation. Although many procedures, such as split liver[1] , living-related transplantation[2] , and xenotransplantation[3], have been attempted clinically to overcome the shortage, it is hoped that livers harvested from non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs) would alleviatethe problem of organ shortage, which again becomes the focus of attention[4-9]. However, sensitivity of the liver to warm ischemia remains a major worry for use of theNHBDs. The aim of this animal study was to assess if murine liver could tolerate prolonged period of warm ischemia and to determine the optimum timing of intervention in the cadaver donor in order to preserve liver viability.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第04期

Site-specific delivery of therapeutic drugs to their target cells is a major scientific challenge for the pharmaceutical sciences. It offers a number of advantages over conventional drug administration. With drug targeting, high local concentrations of the drug can be achieved, thus circumventing many unwanted side effects. Various carriers have been suggested for the delivery of drugs, including liposomes[1 - 5] and (neo ) glycoproteins[6-8]. The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) has frequently been utilized for targeting drugs to the parenchymal liver cell[6- 12]. Liposomes have several advantageous characteristics as drug carrier, and particularly, ligandtacked liposomes achieve a highly effective targeting[13]. Hara et al reported that asialofetuin (AF)-tacked liposomes distributed to rat hepatocytes selectively in vivo[14], and ASGP-R mediated the uptake of AF-liposomes encapsulating IFN-γ by isolated rat hepatocytes in vitro[15]. Lactosaminated human serum albumin (L-HSA) is a neoglycoprotein taking number of galactose residue as terminal sugar[6].

作者： 刊期： 2000年第04期

AIM To determine NO, NO synthase (NOS) and NOSmRNA of the esophageal carcinoma cells (SHEEC1)in apoptotic process induced by As2O3 and to explore the relationship between NO and apoptosis.METHODS The apoptosis of the cell line (SHEEC1) was induced by arsenite (As2O3, 5 μmol/L and10 μmol/L). In the process, at 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 16 h and 24 h after administration of As2O3, NO production incultural medium was detected quantitatively by spectrophotometry; NOS Ⅱ was detected byimmunohistochemistry and NOS mRNA by in situ hybridization (ISH). The cells at endpoint of theexperiment were examined under transmitted electron microscope (TEM) for apoptosis.RESULTS The amount of NO released from SHEEC1 were increased from the basal condition (0.68×10-2μmol/L) up to the high level (2.38×10-2μmol/L) at h 16. The increment of NOS Ⅱ was found afteradministration of As2O3; the intracytoplasmic ISH signals of NOSmRNA in small size was found firstly at4 h, and then became highly predominant. Apoptotic changes of SHEEC1 occurred at 24 h under TEM.CONCLUSION After administration of As2O3, NO released from cultured SHEEC1 cells was detected withincreasing amount up to 16 h. The expression of NOS H and transcription of NOSmRNA are upregulated.The present findings suggest a concept that the NO may be a mediated and effective factor in apoptosisinduced by As2O3,

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM We introduce a new highly selective vagotomy (HSV) procedure which can completely destroy anyexisting variant vagal fibers innervating the proximal stomach.METHODS Twenty-eight dogs were divided into three groups: group A had retrograde liberated highlyselective vagotomy (RLHSV), group B had traditional HSV and group C as control group. Gastric acidsecretion function was tested and gastric parasympathetic and sympathetic enervation were studied byretrograde tracing the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or by histochemical staining. After being convincedthat the modified procedure was an easier and more effective HSV on animal model, we applied thetechnique to the treatment of duodenal ulcers in 100 patients.RESULTS Significant decrease of acid secretion was found in operated dogs in both group A and B. After injection of HRP subserously into the fundus and body, no HRP positive cells were found in the vagal dorsalnucleus in group A and B but were in group C. When HRP was injected into the antrum, HRP stained cellswere found in dorsal nucleus in all three groups. The negative histochemical staining of AchE and the positivefluorescence in the fundus and body in group A and B indicate that parasympathetic nerve fibers weredestroyed completely while norepinephrinergic nerve fibers were intact. When the operation was applied topatients, no severe complications or operative mortality occurred. Patients were followed up for 6- 84months. They all had complete gastric emptying function. Ninety-four patients were graded as Visick I orⅡ. Six as Visick Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Eighty patients had been followed up with gastroscopy for two years afteroperation. Four patients had recurrent ulcers. Among them two patients were asymptomatic and the othertwo had symptoms and were treated with partial gastrectomy.CONCLUSION Compared to the classic HSV, our modified procedure is more effective clinically andconvenient technically.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM In order to evaluate the diagnostic parameters of characteristic pathologic change in the liver biopsyspecimens, we developed a numerical scoring diagnostic standard.METHODS Ten of the eleven categories of characteristic pathologic lessions appearing in acute hepatitisand 11 categories in chronic hepatitis were selected. Each of them was graded 3 scales, then the essentialscore and scale score were set up. Adding up to all the numerical scores of individual components, formed thetotal scores of histological chronic activity index (HCAI) and histological acute activity index (HAAI). Onethousand and eight patients with various liver dieases were studied,and compared with conventional readingsand Knodell'HAI through F analysis and q test.RESULTS The HAAI of acute, subacute, and chronic severe hepatitis was 43.56±9.08, 51.63±12.13,and 65.45±17.51 respectively. There was significant difference between each other (P<0.01). TheirHCAI was 14.44±8.31, 57.39±10.98, and 58.14 12.24 respectively. HAAI of mild, moderate, andsevere chronic hepatitis was 18.57±7.00, 26.43±7.49, and 35.58±11.47 respectively (P<0.01), andHCAI was 13.2±6.90, 40.29±10.99, and 50.02±9.78 respectively. There was signficant difference(P<0.01). The HAAI of active liver cirrhosis and silent liver cirrhosis was 64.96±16.60 and 31.17±9.07respectively, the difference being significant (P < 0.01), and HCAI was 66.00±9.62 and 69.84±8.93, withno significant difference (P >0.05).CONCLUSION The diagnostic standard of histological activity index that we set up, was more useful aseither an alternative or supplement to the conventional terminology and KnodellHAI.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To evaluate the expression of CD44v3 and v6 protein in colorectal carcinoma and its prognosticsignificance.METHODS One hundred and twenty-one cases of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded colorectal carcinomaspecimens were retrospectively analyzed using EnvisionTM immunohistochemical method with the monoclonalantibody CD44v3 and v6. The median follow-up time was 67.77 months and the prognostic value of theCD44v3 and CD44v6 was assessed using univariate and multivariate survival analysis.RESULTS The positive rates of CD44v3 and v6 protein were 60.3% and 57.9%, respectively. There wassignificant correlation between CD44v3 immunoreactivity and tumor location, lymph node metastasis, distantmetastasis and Duke's stage (P< 0.05, Spearman correlation test). Significant correlation between CD44v6immunoreactivity and patients' gender, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, Duke's stage was alsonoticed (P < 0.05, Spearman correlation test). The 5-year survival rates were 81.25% and 60.27% inCD44v3 negative and positive cases, respectively. As CD44v6, the 5-year survival rates were 80.39% and60.00% in CD44v6 negative and positive cases, respectively; these differences between the two groups ofpatients were significant (P<0.05, Log-rank test). In multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model,CD44v3 expression emerges as an independent prognostic indicator.CONCLUSION CD44v3 and v6 might play some important roles in metastasis of colorectal carcinoma, andCD44v3 expression might be a new useful independent prognostic marker of colorectal carcinoma.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期