作者: 刊期: 2016年第02期
Background: To investigate the 1-time success rate of probing alone and nasolacrimal duct probing combined with nasolacrimal injection of levofloxacin ophthalmic gel on congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) in young children. Methods: A retrospective case series was performed on 494 cases (647 eyes) of 3–12 month-old children with CNLDO between July 2014 and July 2015. Material obtained from the lacrimal sac was cultured to isolate infectious agents. Susceptibility testing was done. Children from 3–12 months of age who were found to be sensitive to Levofloxacin (n=493 eyes) were separated into two groups: 3–6 months of age (276 eyes) and 7–12 months of age (217 eyes). Each of the groups were then randomized into group A (138 eyes of 3–6 months of age; 102 eyes of 7–12 months of age) and group B (138 eyes of 3–6 months of age; 115 eyes of 7–12 months of age). Children in group A underwent nasolacrimal duct probing alone; those in group B underwent nasolacrimal duct probing plus nasolacrimal duct injection of levofloxacin and the efficacy of probing was evaluated. Results: The average detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in dacryocystitis was 75.1%, andStaphylococcus aureuswas found to be the main pathogenic bacteria (42.59%, 106 cases). Among children from 7–12 months of age, the 1-time success rate of nasolacrimal duct probing alone was 88.24% and the 1-time success rate of probing combined with nasolacrimal duct injection of levolfoxacin ophthalmic gel was 96.52% (statistical signiifcance, P=0.02<0.05). Conclusions: Most pathogenic bacteria (96.81%) were sensitive to levofloxacin. Nasolacrimal duct probing combined with nasolacrimal duct injection of levolfoxacin may improve the success rate of probing in children older than 6 months of age.
作者: 刊期: 2016年第02期
作者: 刊期: 2016年第02期
Background:Evaluation of corneal biomechanical properties 3 months after using rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses in keratoconus. Methods: In this prospective trial study, cases were 32 keratoconic eyes with no history of RGP lens wear. All eyes were examined with the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) and the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (CORVIS-ST) to measure corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), deformation amplitude (DA), applanation velocity (AV) 1 and 2, applanation length (AL) 1 and 2, and peak distance before and 3 months after iftting aspheric RGP lenses. The effect of the correlation between contralateral eyes and maximum keratometry were controlled for in the analysis. Results were compared using repeated measures analysis of covariance. Results:At 3 months, neither the increases in mean CH (0.14±2.77 mmHg, P=0.789), CRF (0.41±4.35 mmHg, P=0.612), AV1 (0.03±0.17 m/s, P=0.301), AV2 (0.11±0.59 m/s, P=0.299), AL1 (0.44±1.56 m/s, P=0.118), AL2 (1.16±5.06 m/s, P=0.211), and peak distance (0.19±1.29 m/s, P=0.409), nor the decrease in mean DA (0.03±0.17 mm, P=0.402) was statistically signiifcant. Conclusions: Results in our series of patients indicated that 3 months of RGP lens wear had no signiifcant impact on corneal biomechanics, and perhaps non progression of keratoconus. Therefore, RGP lenses can be regarded safe and appropriate in keratoconic patients.
作者: 刊期: 2016年第02期
Background: To explore the difference between the outcomes of correlations between a series of variables and adverse reactions (ARs) to fluorescein from univariate and multivariate analysis and to evaluate the nausea effects in different age groups. Methods: A retrospective study of patients undergoing consecutive lfuorescein angiography between March 2010 and February 2012 was conducted. No patients were excluded on the ground of age, presence of atopy, allergy history, previous procedures without severe allergic ARs, asymptomatic hypertension and kidney failure with serum creatinine levels lower than 250 μmol/L or with renal dialysis. Results: A total of 829 patients were enrolled and 22.2% of them had ARs. The majority of reactions were nausea (12.1%) which occurred less when age became old (P<0.0001). When the correlations between a series of variables and ARs were assessed separately, age (P<0.0001), prior reactions (P<0.0001) and motion sickness (P=0.0062) were highly and cardio/cerebrovascular disease (P=0.0015), diabetes (P=0.0001) and renal disease (P=0.0219) were lowly related to ARs. However, when the correlations were assessed simultaneously, only age [odd ratio (OR) 0.974; 95% conifdence interval (CI), 0.962–0.986], prior reactions (OR 5.596; 95% CI, 2.083–15.029) and motion sickness (OR 4.849; 95% CI, 1.583–14.856) were statistically correlated with ARs. Conclusions: Fluorescein angiography is a safe procedure for patients who are relatively healthy but with a history of any systemic disease. Young age, prior reactions and motion sickness which are highly related to emetic events should be considered in the evaluation of ARs to lfuorescein.
作者: 刊期: 2016年第02期
Background: Refractive errors are among the most frequent reasons for demand of eye-care services. Publications on refractive errors prevalence in our country are few. This study has the purpose to assess the prevalence of refractive errors in an adult population of Villa Maria, Córdoba, Argentina. Methods: The Villa Maria Eye Study is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Villa Maria, Córdoba, Argentina from May 2008 to November 2009. Subject’s aged 40+ received a demographic interview and complete ophthalmological exam. Visual acuity was obtained with an ETDRS chart. Cycloplegic auto refraction was performed. The spherical equivalent was highly correlated between right and left eyes, so only data of right eyes are presented. Myopia and hyperopia were defined with a ±0.50 diopters (D) criterion and astigmatism >1 D. Results: This study included 646 subjects, aged 40 to 90 (mean age: 59.6±10.3 years old). Four hundred and sixty two (71.5%) were females. The mean spherical equivalent was +0.714±2.41 D (range, ?22.00 to+8.25 D) and the power of the cylinder was, on average, ?0.869±0.91 D (range, 0 to ?6.50 D). In this sample, 61.6% subjects were hyperopic, and 13.5% were myopic. Myopia prevalence was lower in men (9.8% versus 14.9%) but this difference among genders was not statistically signiifcant. There were 141 subjects (21.8%) with anisometropia greater than 1 D, and 168 subjects (26.0%) with astigmatism greater than 1 D. Conclusions: The present study shows the prevalence of cycloplegic refractive errors in an adult population of Argentina. The prevalence of hyperopia was high, while myopia prevalence was very low.
作者: 刊期: 2016年第02期
目的:通过光学相干断层扫描技术(optical coherence tomography,OCT)观察不同临床类型原发性闭角型青光眼(primary angle-closure glaucoma,PACG)行激光周边虹膜切开术(laser peripheral iris, LPI)前、后前房角开放距离变化,评价治疗效果。方法:选择明确诊断为PACG患者46例50眼,其中急性闭角型青光眼临床前期及缓解期眼26例27眼,慢性闭角型青光眼20例23眼,行LPI治疗,通过OCT分别检查术前、术后2周距巩膜突500及750μm处前房角开放距离,采用配对t检验。结果:急性闭角型青光眼LPI术前、术后2周前房角开放距离差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);慢性闭角型青光眼术前、术后2周前房角开放距离差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:急性闭角型青光眼LPI术后前房角开放距离增加,治疗效果较好;慢性闭角型青光眼LPI术后前房角开放距离增加不明显,术后仍存在前房角闭塞趋向。
作者:莫琼;夏露露;王雪 刊期: 2016年第02期
作者: 刊期: 2016年第02期
Background: To evaluate the inlfammatory response after accelerated collagen cross-linking (CXL) in eyes with keratoconus. Methods: Consecutive eyes with keratoconus undergoing CXL surgery were included in this non-randomized interventional study. Aqueous lfare was measured pre- and post-operatively with a laser lfare photometer at 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months after CXL. Results: Sixty eyes of 60 patients were entered into the study. Before CXL, the mean lfare value was 4.5 photons per millisecond (ph/ms). The lfare values observed at week 1 (7.1 ph/ms; P=0.008), month 1 (6.5 ph/ms; P=0.04), month 3 (6.7 ph/ms; P=0.004) and month 6 (6.7 ph/ms; P=0.004) were signiifcantly higher compared to baseline. Flare values were not signiifcantly different from week 1 up to 6 months after CXL (P=0.930). No statistically significant correlation was detected between the amount of inlfammation and keratometric indices. Conclusions: Accelerated CXL in patients with keratoconus may cause a subclinical inflammatory response which is evident as slight but rather long-lasting rise of aqueous lfare.
作者: 刊期: 2016年第02期
目的:评价白内障患者超声乳化术中植入Acrysof IQ Restor多焦点Toric人工晶体矫正术前规则角膜散光的早期临床效果、安全性,以及术后人工晶状体眼的视功能状态。方法:搜集自2013年至今在我院行白内障超声乳化术并植入Acrysof IQ Restor多焦点Toric人工晶状体的白内障患者18例(23眼)进行分析,术前患者散光均大于1.0 D。术后随访3个月,分别观察术后1周、1个月以及3个月的裸眼远视力,佳矫正远视力以及裸眼近视力,术前散光以及术后3个月时残余散光、等效球镜度数和人工晶状体的旋转度。结果:术后3个月患者裸眼远视力0.89±0.21,佳矫正远视力0.95±0.38,等效球镜为?0.5~+0.25D,裸眼近视力为0.82±0.19。术后3个月验光全眼散光为(0.38±0.15) D,较术前散光(1.79±0.43) D有明显降低(P<0.05)。术后3个月人工晶状体的轴位平均偏离(3.48±1.21)°。结论:Acrysof IQ Restor多焦点Toric人工晶状体为白内障患者提供了良好的术后全程视力和视觉质量,并校正了术前角膜散光,实现了患者高度满意率和脱镜率,可预测性好,并有良好的旋转稳定性。
作者:陈潇;苟甫伟;陈茂盛 刊期: 2016年第02期