The polyamines [putrescine (PU), spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM)] are ubiquitous polycationiccompounds found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, are essentially involved in a variety of regulatorysteps during normal, adaptive, and malignant cell proliferation. Nearly four decades investigation about thepolyamines contributed to the synthesis and decomposition of polyamines and the active and passive enzymeswhich regulate them at different levels. This review focuses on the sources and homeostasis of intracellularpolyamines, the transport and role of the polyamines in the growth of the gastrointestinal mucosa and theirpossible mechanism. We tried to point out the gaps remaining in the story and give a working hypothesis forthe role of polyamines in gastrointestinal mucosal growth. We propose in the hypothesis that polyamine is a“key”to unlock the “door”of cell proliferation. How many “doors” between the “polyamine key” and the“real start” of proliferation? The polyamine might be the only key for cell proliferation. Another possibilityis that polyamine is the first key and its “unlocking-effect” resulting in getting another key for the next doorin the proliferation chain, for example, proto-oncogenes. To decide whether polyamine is an intermediatestep or just only one step of cell proliferation, the possible way is to keep polyamine to be a stimulus and finda way to deprive the function of proto-oncogene protein (or other possible gene expression product) to checkthe effect on the cell proliferation. Another important question is how polyamine can trigger the synthesis ofDNA in virtual. Arabinose operon model may give us some ideas to investigate about that. And furthermore,it is necessary to pay attention to the relationship between polyamine and other cell proliferation regulator,like growth factor, chalone, cAMP, cGMP, etc. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanism ofpolyamine acted on the gastrointestinal mucosal growth.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To explore the method to prolong the survival of patients with postoperative rectal cancer and toprevent its recurrence.METHODS To analyze the reasons of recurrence after curative resections for rectal cancer of 399 patients.RESULTS Ninety out of 399 patients who received curative excision died of relapse of the tumor. Pelvicrecurrence was found in most of the patients followed by liver and pulmonany metastasis. The survival timein Dukes A was the longest and in Dukes C the shortest. The survival period was 12 months longer, in thepatients receiving pre-operative radiotherapy than that did not. Inadequate excision of the primary tumor orthe draining lymph nodes was the main cause for local recurrence.CONCLUSION Adequate surgery and adjuvant therapy are the most effective methods to prolong thesurvival of patients with postoperative rectal cancer and to prevent its recurrence.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To study the nosocomial infection in the patients with liver diseases and its risk factors.METHODS A prospective survey of nosocomial infection in 848 patients with various liver diseases wascarried out in our hospital for a 24-month period.RESULTS Incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with liver diseases was 9.20%, nosocomialinfection rate in severe hepatitis was significantly higherthan in mild and moderate liver diseases. Infectionof respiratory tract accounted for 44.33%. Infection rate in abdominal cavity, intestinal tract, gallbladderand bile ducts, oral region, and other regions was 15.46%, 12.37%, 8.25%, 7.22% and 12.37%,respectively.CONCLUSION The factors related to nosocomial infection were the severity of liver diseases, cellularimmunological condition, Co-infection of hepatitis virus, severe accompanying diseases, improper medicalmanipulations and use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Nosocomial infection obviously affects the prognosis ofliver diseases.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To study the antitumor effect of Zhenhuang Injection (ZHI) on the mice bearing transplanted tumor.METHODS The solid type of H22 transplantation hepotocarcinoma, ascitic type of S-180 sarcoma and ascitictype of LⅡ malignant lymphoma of mice were treated at three doses (crude drug 1.25g/kg, 2.5g/kg,5.0 g/kg of body weight) of ZH1. The solid tumor group and ascitic tumor group were injected intravenously.and intraperitoneally. The experiment was repeated three times.RESULTS The tumor-inhibition rate of H22 hepatocarcinoma in moderate and large doses was 30.23% -35.67% (P<0.01) and 46.36%-54.07% (P<0.01) respectively; the survival rate of ascitic type of S-180sarcoma and ascitic type of LⅡ malignant lymphoma in large dose group was 77.23% - 86.91% (P<0.01)and 75.42%-79.04% (P<0.01), respectively.CONCLUSION ZHI has a certain tumor-inhibiting effect. Under the tolerant dose, the effect improveswith the increase of dose.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To find out if there is any difference in human primary liver carcinogenesis between Han and minorityethnic patients in Xinjiang.METHODS Expression of p53, c-erbB-2, H-rasp21 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)in tumor tissues of 50 patients (Hah 38, minorities 12) with primary hepatic carcinoma (HCC) was detectedby immunohistochemistry (LSAB).RESULTS The positive frequency of p53, c-erbB-2, H-rasp21 and PCNA expression was 46.0% (23/50,70.0% (35/50), 68.0% (34/50) and 82.0% (41/50) in tumor tissues; 4.0% (2/50), 22.0% (11/50),64.0% (32/50) and 52.0% (26/50) in peritumor respectively with a significant difference, except for H-rasp21 (P<0.05) between tumor and non-tumor tissues. Combined the three oncogenes alteration, 26%(13/50) tumor tissues had positive immunoreactivity, but peritumor and normal liver were negative. Thepositive p53, c-erbB-2, H-rasp21 protein expression was 39.5 % ( 15 / 38), 60.5 % (23 / 38) and 39.5 % ( 15 /38) in tumors of Han patients; 66.7% (8/12), 100% (12/12) and 75.0% (9/12) in minority patientsrespectively. A statistical difference between Han and minority cancer samples was observed (P< 0.05).CONCLUSION Overexpression of p53, c-erbB-2 and H-rasp21 in human primary liver carcinoma is animportant biomarker of genetic alteration. The different frequency of these oncogenetic changes may reflectsome environmental factors or/and ethnic hereditary affecting the liver carcinogenesis. The special life styleof Han, Uygur, Kazak and Mongolia nationalities in Xinjiang may also involve the etiopathogenesis of thisdisease.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To evaluate the significance of alhafetoprotein (AFP). gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT).Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) in diagnosis of primary hepaticcancer.METHODS Thirty-six patients with liver carcinoma (male 26, female 10, aged 29- 72 years), 6 withhepatic metastasis of gastrointestinal cancer (all male, aged 37- 69 years), 62 with benign liver diseases(male 53, female 9, aged 32- 71 years) and 222 without liver diseases (male 152, female 70, aged 22- 76years) were studied. Blood samples were taken by venipuncture. Serum was separated and frozen at -20℃until the analysis was made. AFP, CEA and CA125 were measured by RIA.RESULTS Serum AFP in liver cancer (476.3 - 181.4 ug/L) was significantly higher than that in hepaticmetastasis of gastrointestinal cancer, benign liver diseases and monhepatic diseases (P<0.01). Serum GGTin liver cancer was 621.1±289.9 w/L, significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). CA125level in liver cancer (236.3±127.2 u/L) was markedly higher than that in benign liver diseases andmonhepatic diseases (P<0.01), but no significantly difference was found in hepatic metastasis ofgastroentestinal cancer (219.4±143.7 U/L). Serum CEA in liver cancer (8.8±2.1 ug/L) was markedlylower than that in hepatic metastasis of gastroentestinal cancer (32.7±7.2 ug/L) (P<0.01). Thesensitivity of AFP, GGT, CA125 and CEA in the diagnosis of liver cancer was 72.2%, 88.9%, 63.9% and11.1% repectively; their specificity was 93.1%, 71.1%, 78.2% and 65.8% respectively. The diagnosticsensitivity and specificity of simultaneous detection of AFP, GGT and CA125 in liver cancer were 91.7% and88.4% respectively.CONCLUSION AFP is superior to GGT, CA125 and CEA in the diagnosis of liver cancer; simultaneousdetection of AFP, GGT and CA125 might increase the diagnositic sensitivity and specificity of liver cancer.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To study the effects of heat exposure and swimming on membranous structure of the small intestinalepithelium and the biochemical indexes.METHODS The distribution of the intra-membranous particles (IMPs) in enteric epithelium of SD rats andthe number of IMPs were analyzed with freeze-etching technique and TxB2, PGFIa, PRL, CORT and totalSA (TSA) were measured with the techniques of biochemistry and radio-immunity.RESULTS Heat exposure markedly affected the distributive pattern of IMPs in intestinal epithelium andmade the numbers of IMPs on the PF and EF faces of cell membrane and nuclear membrane decreased.Swimming exacerbated the above changes. And in the meantime heat exposure resulted in the massivereleasing of the body-hurting substance as TxB2 and reducing of the body-protecting substance as PGFIa.TSA increased obviously. These changes recovered partly after heat exposure, but the number of IMPs onboth PF and EF faces and certain biochemical indexes were still not restored to the levels as in the controlgroup.CONCLUSION Heat exposure and swimming can make the cellular catabolism accelerated and anabolismreduced, then bring about the numbers of IMPs of intestinal epithelium membrane and nuclear membranedecreased, and the distribution was abnormal. TxB2, PGFIa, PRL, CORT and TSA were changedabnormally during heat exposure. And above indexes showed no notable evidence of recovery after stoppingheat exposure 4 hours-24 hours; the delayed injury was obviously presented.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To study the detection of micrometastasis in peripheral blood of patients with gastric carcinomas andits clinical significance.METHODS A cytokeratin 19 (CK19)-specific nested reverse transcriptase-polimerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed to detect CK19 expressing cancer cells, the sensitivity was determined by serialdilution method using CK19 expressing gastric cancer cells, the specificity was assessed by examining 12negative controls and 12 positive controls. Then pre-operative peripheral blood from 42 patients with gastriccancer was detected and the relationship between positive results and biological behavior was studied.RESULTS CK19mRNA was expressed in all the 12 gastric cancer tissues but not in peripheral blood from12 healthy individuals；sensitivity of nested RT-PCR amplification for CK19mRNA was confirmed to be 1/106 by serial dilution method using human gastric cancer line SGC-7901; micrometastases in pre-operativeperipheral blood were detected in 13 (30,9%) patients with gastric carcinomas, the frequency ofmicrometastasis in peripheral blood was significantly correlated with tumor size,depth of invasion and TNMstage (x2 test, P<0.05).CONCLUSION Nested RT-PCR amplification for CK19mRNA is a sensitive and specific method for thedetection of micrometastases in peripheral blood in gastric cancer patients; pre-operative detection ofmicrometastasis in peripheral blood may be helpful in the prediction of tumor progression.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To study the development of D (somatostatin-secreting) and P (bombesin-secreting) cells ofproventriculus from Shao ducks at different ages.METHODS Ninety Shao ducks were divided into nine groups, 10 ducks per group. The ducks were slayedgroupby group at the nine time points of week 0 (after hatching), 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22.Proventriculus samples from each duck were collected, fixed by Bouin solution and embedded with paraffin.gections were made and stained with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex kit (Dako Co., Ltd. ) to visualizeD and P cells of each proventriculus. Thirty glandular lobes per duck were observed for enumeration of Dand P cells.RESULTS ① Both D and P cells were mostly oval or polygonal shape with dumpy cytoplasmic processesand located in the inner and central area of the glandular lobe. ② The D and P cells peaked at wk 18 and 6respectively. ③ There was no apparent correlation between D cells and the body weight until wk 4. Negativecorrelation was observed from wk 6 and reached a marked level at 18wk (r = -0.829, P<0.05).Individuals with maximum body weight had less D cells than those with minimum body weight from wk 10-wk 18.CONCLUSION The morphology and distribution of D and P cells in the proventriculus of Shao ducks weresimilar to Peking ducks, gooses and chickens. Both D and P cells had continuing development during thepostnatal period, though the rates of their development were different. If appeared that beyond a definitenumber of D cells, they were negatively correlated with the body weight.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To observe the therapeutic effect of colloidal bismuth tartrate in an animal colitis model.METHODS Immune-complex colitis was induced in groups of rabbits by formalin, and two hours later0.85 mL heat-aggregated rabbit IgG was given intravenously through the ear cannula. Animals wereintracolonically treated with colloidal bismuth tartrate (BITNAL), and its effect was compared withsulfasalazine (SASP), indomethacin (IND) and bifidobiogen (BIFG). Animals were killed, the mucosalappearance was scored (0-4), and tissue saved for histological studies, the number of neutrophils present ininflamed colonic tissue was quantitated by the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity assay, the production oflipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase products was monitored and eicosanoid production were assayed byincubation colonic specimens and the media for prostaglandin E2(PGE2), leukotriene (LTB4), thromboxaneB2(TXPe) were examined by radiommunoassay.RESULTS Immune-complex colitis was induced by formalin and IgG, colonic damage persisted for at least1 wk by macrography. Histologically, the inflammatory response included mucosal and submucosalinfiltration by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes and fibroblasts, the macroscopic,persent 2 wk after IgG, was correlated with greatly increased PGE2, LTB4 and TXB2 compared with levels incontrols. Treatment with BITNAL (500 mg/kg) resulted in a lowered inflammation index, lowered MPOactivity and inhibited the increased formation of PGF-2, LTB4 and TXB2 by the inflamed colon, and IND(500 mg/kg) markedly inhibited prostanoid formation in both inflamed and control colon but did not reducetissue damage, SASP (500 mg/kg) also inhibited the formation of PGE2, LTB4 and TXB2 but the effectswere less marked. BIFG (400 mg/kg) did not significantly reduce the colonic injury and the media sythesizedby the rabbit colon.CONCLUSION BITAL provides better therapeutic effects in experimental colitis than anti-inflammatorydrug IND or SASP.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To characterize genomic DNA flanking IS900 insertions and develop a rapid Multiplex PCR IS900Locus (MPIL) typing method for MAP reporting the presence or absence of the element at each locus,METHODS Genomic DNA flanking 14 of the 18 IS900 loci was sequenced and compared with databasehomologues. An MPIL typing method was developed using a common IS900 primer and individual locus-specific primers designed to produce amplification products differing by about 50bp which could be easilyresolved on a single gel. MPIL was applied to a panel of 81 MAP isolates and compared with RFLP profiles.RESULTS Genes flanking IS900 loci included homologues of transcription regulators, a sigma factor, anitrate reductase, a polyketide synthase and an O6-methylguanine-methyl transferase. MPIL rapidly andconsistently identified 10 individual types of MAP from the panel of 81 isolates, and distinguished betweenbovine and ovine strains. Nine MPIL types corresponded directly to single RFLP types previously identified.CONCLUSION Isg00 insertions in MAP may affect the expression of genes critically associated with thepathogenic phenotype. MPIL typing can identify bovine and ovine strains independent of the need for cultureand may contribute to studies of the molecular epidemiology of these difficult organisms.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM The control of diet regimen and nutrient intake, aiming to avoid the evaggerated levels of glucose andanabolic hormone is broadly accepted as basic treatment of diabetes mellitus. Maltose is an importanthydrolysate of starch, main source of nutrition. Acarbose is an alpha-D-glucosidase inhibitor but with a shortinhibitory duration. Gymnemic acid (GA), a group of triterpene glucuronides, inhibits glucose absorptionwith a longer effective duration but it needs a longer time to achieve its maximum effect. To determinewhether nutrient control in diabetic care can be improved by combination of them, we compared thecombinative and individual effect of acarbose and GA on maltose absorption and hydrolysis in smallintestine.METHODS The absorption and hydrolysis of maltose were studied by re-cyclic perfusion of intestinal loopsin situ and motility of the intestine was recorded with the intestinal loop in vitro, of Wistar rat.RESULTS The total inhibitory rate of maltose absorption was improved by the combination of GA (0.1 -1.0 mg/mL) and acarbose (0.1- 2.0 mmol/L) throughout their effective duration (P<0.05, U test ofMann-Whitney), although the improvement only could be seen in the low dosages during the first hour. Withthe combination, inhibitory duration of acarbose on maltose absorption was prolonged to 3 hours and theonset of GA inhibitory effect was fastened to 15 minutes. GAsuppressed the intestinal mobility with a goodcorrelation (r = 0.98) to the inhibitory effect of GA on maltose absorption and the inhibitory effect of2 mmol/L (higher dose) acarbose on maltose hydrolysis was dual modulated by 1 mg/mL GA in vivoindicating that the combined effects involved the functional alteration of intestinal barriers.CONCLUSION There are augmented effects of acarbose and GA, which involve pre-cellular andparacellular barriers. Furthermore, diabetic care can be improved by employing this combination.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To investigate the expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), inducible NO synthase (iNOS)protein and eNOS mRNA gene in the splanchnic organs of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertensive rats.METHODS In control and CCl4-induced liver cirrhotic rats, the expression of eNOS and iNOS proteins wasdetected by immunohistochemical method, and eNOS mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization.RESULTS The expression of eNOS protein and eNOS mRNA increased in most organs of the cirrhotic rats,including bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, renal tubular epithelial cells and mesenchyma, endothelialand adventitial cells of aorta and superior mesenteric artery, whereas no significant increase of iNOS proteinwas found. In the hepatic tissue, NOS protein and eNOS mRNA were present in mesenchymal cells and vesseladventitial cells, no difference was observed in the expression between control and cirrhotic rats.CONCLUSION The expression of NOS varied in region. In splanchnic organs and vasculars there was anincreased expression of eNOS which induced aplanchnic vasodilation and increased the inflow of portal vein,while in the liver tissue and blood vessel showed no increased expression, which may be associated withincreased intrahepatic vascular resistance.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To explore gallbladder circadian rhythm (GCR) and the cholagogic action of Yin Chen Hao Ta(YCHT).METHODS Ultrasonography of rabbit gallbladder at 17:00 to 19:00, 23:00 to 01:00, 05:00 to 07:00 m11:00 to 13:00 showed its maximum area (MA), dilatation rate (GDR) and systole rate. Its movemecircadian rhythm (MCR) and the effect of YCHT on gallbladder and the relationship with time weobserved and evaluated.RESULTS The results showed that gallbladder area changed with time, which varied from 11:00 to 13:1>23:00 to 01:00 and 05:00 to 07:00> 17:00 to 19:00 (P<0.01, F=9.13 vs. control by analysisvariance). The cholagogic action at 23:00 to 01:00 and 17:00 to 19:00 was better than that at 11:00 to 13:and 05:00 to 07:00.CONCLUSION The gallbladder movement action (GMA) showed markedly circadian rhythm. Tcholagogic action of YCHT at 23:00 to 01:00 and 17:00 to 19:00 is better.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To establish an ideal model of gastric precancerous lesions for rats.METHODS Fifty rats were fed with carcinogen MNNG for 35 wk and heat-plaste at 60C for 20 wk, thepathological changes were observed. Data in the groups were analyzed by Ridit test.RESULTS The occurrence rate of dysplasia in rats due to MNNG and heat-damage was 65%, which wasobviously higher than that due to MNNG only. The differences between the two groups were significant.CONCLUSION The animal model made by MNNG and heat-damage was an ideal one which could be usedto investigate the pathologic mechanism of gastric precancerous lesions.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To treat esophageal stricture secondary to the ingestion of corrosive materials in children using theileocolon with ileocecal valve as a substitute for esophagus.METHODS Between 1992 and 1999, isoperistaltic retrosternal ileocolic esophageal replacements wereperformed in 12 patients; 50 cadavers were studied to observe the vascularity in the ileocolic region andmetabolic indexes were measured before and after surgery or between the operative group and the normalcontrols in 20 piglet models.RESULTS A follow-up of 3 years in the 12 cases found no death in intra- and post- operative periodclinically. Cervical ileoesophageal anastomotic leaks occurred in 2 cases. The distribution pattern of venousvessel in the ileocolic region was far more constant than that of the artery. The arrangements of artery in theileocolic segment were classified into 7 types, and there was no interruption of paracolic anastomosis betweenarteries. The resections of 50 cm terminal ileum, cecum and 50 cm ascending colon affected enterohepaticcirculation of bile acid (bile salt) and the fatty metabolism in early period after surgery in piglet models.Shortening of the time and reducing of the area for water absorption after ileocolic resection resulted indiarrhea in piglet models. The loss of “bacterial barrier” role of ileocecal valve led to bacteria immigrationfrom colon to ileum and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.CONCLUSION The ileocolic esophageal replacement taking advantage of antireflux role of the ileocecalvalve has obtained satisfactory effect. To understand the characteristics of the patterns of arteries and veinsdistribution and physiological functions of the ileocolic segment is useful in guiding clinical practice andpostoperative management and preventing postoperative complications as well.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To investigate DNA methylation status in gastric cancer and its relationship with folate metabolism.METHODS Serum before operation, the gastric mucosa from the lesion, and the surrounding area inpatients with gastric cancer and the remote normal-appearing mucosa of the resected stomach were collectedrespectively. The serum folate, mucosal tissue folate, S-adenosylmethionine ( SAM ), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), and the DNA methylation levels were determined.RESULTS The tissue folate was significantly lower than that in ulcers, especially in the surrounding andnormal mucosa (0.38±0.13, 0.50±0.17 vs 0.53±0.50, 0.79±0.82ng/mg protein, P < 0.01), and itdecreased gradually in the lesion areas. The DNA methylation status showed similar decreasing trend incancers compared with the methylation increasing trend in ulcers. The SAM level ascended in the lesion areaswith a higher. concentration in cancer mueosa (63.5±43.0 vs 25.9±11.9nmol/g tissue, P < 0.01 ). Theaccumulation of SAH in the surrounding and normal mucosa of cancers was observed (17.3±24.6, 15.5±8.6vs 14.6±4.2, 10.0±1.9nmol/g tissue, P < 0.05 - 0.01). There were significantly negative correlationsbetween tissue folate and the SAM and SAH levels in the three areas.CONCLUSION Patients with gastric cancer have the regional folate deficiency in the stomach mucosa,although the serum folate level remains normal. This disturbs the local SAM and SAH metabolism withaccumulation of SAH and DNA hypomethylation which has been known as an important molecularmechanism for carcinogenesis. Folic acid can modulate DNA methylation status by its effect in one-carbongroup metabolism and thus affect the process of the carcinogenesis. Therefore, this may be an access for theprevention of gastric cancer.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To search for a simple and safe method to avoid reoperation, reduce complications and mortality,shorten hospital stay and lower the medical cost.METHODS Based on the characteristic of pathology and anatomy of biliary fistula and pancreatic fistula,modified endoscopic nasobiliary drainage or endoscopic nasopancreas drainage with negative pressure wereused to drain the bile and pancreatic juice to the duodenum and in vitro to facilitate fistulous tract close.RESULTS In seven patients with biliary fistulas with conservative treatment who were not yet recoveredafter 6 - 110 days, the leakage was blocked after 6 - 17 days treatment, and in 6 patients with pancreaticfistulas with conservative treatment who were not recovered after 90 - 720 days, the leakage was blockedafter treatment for 12- 28 days.CONCLUSION The advantages of this modefied method are: retain the function of the Oddi sphincter; the anatomy of the pancreatic duct and bile duct and the position of fistulas can be seen clearly withcontrast examination; the drainage effect was defieate, safe and with less complications; the leakageblock can be promoted with the drainage of negative pressure; and hospital stay is shortened and medicalcost is reduced.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To study the change of T cell subsets and erythrocytes immune function in children with acuterotavicus enteritis (RE) and to explore its clinical significance.METHODS T cell subsets were detected by indirect immunofluorescence technique, RBC immune functionwas achieved by detecting RBC C3b receptor rosette (RBC-CR1R) and RBC immune complex rosette (RBC-ICR). The statistical significance of differences was evaluated by using analysis of variance (ANOVA).RESULTS The percentage rate of CD3 and CD4 cell and the ratio of CD4/CD8 in acute stage of RE weresignificantly lower than those of control ( P <0.01), while the percentage rate of CD8 cell remained almostunchangec Along with the improvement of clinical symptoms, the level of CD3, CD4 and CD4/CD8returned to normal in recovery stage. RBC-CR1R in acute stage of RE was significantly lower than that ofcontrol (F = 15.44, P<0.01) and returned to normal in recovery stage. RBC-ICR rose slightly in acute stageof RE, but there was no significant difference between acute stage of RE and the control (F=0.02518,P>0.05). Correlative analysis showed that RBC-CR1R was positively correlated to the percentage rate ofCD4 cell (r =0.528l, P<0.01) and the ratio of CD4/CD8 (r=0.4832, P<0.01), in acute stage of RE.CONCLUSION Cellular immune might take part in the development of RE, CD4/CD8 ratio might berelated to the prognosis of RE. The immune function of RBC reduced secondarily in acute stage of RE. It isnecessary to keep the immune function of RBC in treatment of RE in order to strengthen the patient's abilityof anti-infection.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期

AIM To understand the characteristics and investigate the diagnosis, treatment of intrahepatic biliarypapillomatosis.METHODS Two cases were confirmed operatively and pathologically, and the literature reviewed.RESULTS The causes of the disease are not clear, but the long-term irritations of stone and inflammationmay be considered. Despite being histologically benign, it has low-grade malignant potential, characterizedby multiple and diffusive manner, and has high rates of recurrence and malignant transformation. Jaundiceand cholangitis are the dominant manifestations. Imaging modalities are beneficial in it's diagnosis, and thescanning of choledochoscopy is of great value.CONCLUSION The management of the disease is difficult. Curative resection is the primary therapy.Curettage and drainage may lead to high recurrence. The chemotherapy and lasertherapy represent othermodalities in the treatment. Biliary papillomatosis may become a new indication for liver transplantation.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第03期