国际转化医学（英文版）杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical features of lung cancer diagnosed by bronchoscopy. Methods:The clinical features of2168 patients with lung cancer diagnosed by bronchoscopy were retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, pathological type, diseased region, manifestations under bronchoscopy and methods of drawing materials. Results:The ratio of male/female was 4.8:1 and the peak onset age was 60~69 years old. The major pathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (44.5%), then adenocarcinoma (25.9%) and small cell lung cancer (18.3%). The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma was the highest in males (50.6%), while that of adenocarcinoma in females (56.2%). The positive diagnostic rates of forceps biopsy, brush biopsy, bronchial alveolar lavage and transbronchial needle aspiration were 81.6%, 49.4%, 18.2% and 62.6%, respectively, whereas that of biopsy combined with brush biopsy came up to 89.0%. Conclusion: Bronchoscopy is an important method in diagnosis of lung cancer. Different ages and genders of patients with lung cancer have different onset, and the distribution of pathological types is diverse. Attaching more importance to bronchoscopy and improving biopsy technique can signiifcantly improve the diagnostic rate and provide reliable evidences for clinical treatment.

作者： 刊期： 2013年第02期

Chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and molecular targeted therapy are vital means in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC), whose reasonable and standard applications are of great importance to prolong patients’ survival and improve the quality of life. The expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) present signiifcant differences between primary and metastatic breast cancer. However, these differences may affect the selection of MBC patients for therapeutic strategies and judgment on the prognosis. Hence, the relevant researches on variations of hormone receptors and HER-2 in primary and metastatic breast cancer, discordant causes of ER, PR and HER-2 expression in primary and metastatic lesions and clinical value of biopsy to the metastases are reviewed in the study.

作者： 刊期： 2013年第02期

Objective:To investigate the expressions of AT1-R, AT2-R and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under hypoxia and serum deprivation condition. Methods:Bone MSCs were isolated, cultured and identiifed by anti-CD29 and anti-CD11b/c with flow cytometry. The ischemic injury model was established by exposing MSCs to hypoxia and serum deprivation (Hypoxia/SD). Cell viability and apoptotic rate were detected by trypan blue staining, CCK8 assays and Annexin V-FITC staining. The mRNA expressions of AT1-R, AT2-R and ACE were determined by Reverse Transcription-PCR and Real-time Quantitative PCR, The expression of AT1-R, AT2-R and ACE protein were measured by Western-blot. Results:MSCs expressed CD29, but not the CD11b/c. The purity of MSCs employed was up to 97%. The results of trypan blue staining along with CCK8 and Annexin V-FITC staining proved that the injury model induced by Hypoxia/SD was successfully established. MSCs under hypoxia and serum deprivation for 24 h induced a rapid increase in mRNA expression of AT1-R, AT2-R and ACE as well as their protein expressions. Conclusion:The local RAS in MSCs is activated by Hypoxia/SD stimulation and the mRNA and protein expressions of AT1-R, AT2-R and ACE are up-regulated.

作者： 刊期： 2014年第03期

Most of cancer patients are suffering from psychological distress which is under-diagnosed and under-treated in China. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of a new screening instrument for psychological distress in cancer patients based on Chinese culture and personality traits. The scale was created after face-to-face interviews and focus group discussion of 50 medical staffand 30 cancer patients; the analysis of reliability and validity came from 1122 scales completed by cancer patients and non-cancer patients. Data was analyzed for internal consistency reliability, construct validity and discrimination validity in clinical practice. The internal consistency reliability of the scale was 0.906. Principal components factor analysis and structural equation modeling showed that the scale was comprised of four dimensions: depression, anxiety, interpersonal barrier and suspiciousness. The ift indices were χ2(149)=257.594, χ2/d?=1.729, GFI=0.927, NFI=0.846, NNFI=0.906, RMSEA=0.061. These results indicated there were signiifcant differences between cancer patients and non-cancer patients, with respect to the total scores, anxiety scores, interpersonal barrier scores and suspiciousness scores. The psychological distress scale is a new screening instrument for Chinese cancer patients, which is in line with the emphasis of Chinese culture.

作者： 刊期： 2013年第02期

Cancer is always a main factor threatening human’s health and life, and its incidence and mortality are gradually increasing in recent years. However, some advances have been made with the unremitting efforts and exploration human made and the improvement is mainly made in cancer treatment of young children and older adults, while little in adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients, who are generally defined as individuals of 15 to 39 years old at the time of initial cancer diagnosis due to many factors. To highlight the issues of this unique population, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) absorbs a large amount of information and previous researches and develops a set of clinical practice guidelines. Though the guidelines are more supportive care guidelines than treatment guidelines, they give us the opportunity to learn the latest international developments in AYA treatment and more survival chance for the treatment of AYA patients.

作者： 刊期： 2014年第03期

作者： 刊期： 2013年第02期

Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and PDGF receptor-β(PDGFR) play critical roles in proliferation and envolving into MsPGN of mesangial cells in embryonic development. The mechanisms can be demonstrated mainly from several aspects such as promoting the proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells (GMC), stimulating the GMC expression of extracellular matrix components and synergism with other growth factors like transform growth factor-β(TGF-β) and so on. As in the pathological development of mesangial proliferative lesions, GMCs is not only the victim of kidney damage but also the direct participants. GMCs can secrete excessive PDGF-BB and other growth factors which could react to GMCs, leading to malignant progress of kidney damage. Therefore, inhibiting GMCs over expression of PDGF-BB and blocking the effect of PDGF-BB on promoting proliferation and ECM accumulation is undoubtedly an effective way to delay kidney damage.

作者： 刊期： 2014年第03期

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is an acute hemorrhagic infectious disease caused by ebola virus, with high infectivity and fatality rate. At present, it mainly occurs in areas of Central Africa and West Africa and no effective vaccine and antiviral drugs are available for the clinical treatment.

作者： 刊期： 2014年第03期

Objective: To investigate the effects of blood-cooling and stasis-removing formula on hemorheology in rats with acute blood stasis induced by mutifactor stimuli. Methods: The selected SD rats orally took blood-cooling and stasis-removing granule for six days, then the model of acute blood stasis was prepared on the iffth day by injection of epinephrine combined with ice-water bath. The variations of blood-cooling and stasis-removing granule on hemorheology were detected. Results: The high-dose group of blood-cooling and stasis-removing formula can decrease plasma viscosity in rats with acute blood stasis, and obviously reduce the blood viscosity under the condition of shear rates (200s-1, 30s-1, 5s-1, 1s-1) (P<0.01,P<0.05). The middle-dose group can decrease the blood viscosity under the condition of shear rate (30s-1) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Blood-cooling and stasis-removing formula can improve abnormal hemorheology in rats with acute blood stasis.

作者： 刊期： 2013年第02期

Background:Malignant spinal cord compression has signiifcantly increased hospitalization costs and even with best approach in treatment the disease course remains relatively stable with dire outcomes. Case presentation: The patient was an 80 years old male with the past medical history of hypertension, stroke with chronic right sided weakness, recently diagnosed with non-squamous cell lung carcinoma stage T4N0Mx presently undergoing chemotherapy as outpatient with carboplatin and taxol presented to the emergency room with the chief complaint of right leg pain with weakness and chest pain for 1~2 days. On d 4 of the admission patient complained of chest pain again and a CT angiogram was ordered as part of the work up for chest pain based on high probability for a pulmonary embolus per“Wells Score”. The CT angiogram revealed a large soft tissue mass centered at T5 vertebral body and probable spinal canal invasion. Conclusion:A more favorable outcome requires the input of both a surgeon and a radiation oncologist to ifnd the most effective approach depending on the area involved and the extent of the lesion, and patient’s choice of treatment always must be respected as well. Despite aggressive treatment patient did not respond well and was deteriorating. Options were discussed with the patient, including the futility of care and lack of response. Patient opted to return home with hospice care and was subsequently discharged home with family.

作者： 刊期： 2014年第03期