AIM To evaluate the possibility of using cultured human hepatocytes as a bridge between bioartificial liver and liver transplantation.METHODS In this experiment, the efficacy of extracorporeal bioartificial liver support system (EBLSS) consisting of spheriodal human liver cells and cultured hepatocytes supernatant was assessed in vivo using galactosamine induced rabbit model of fulminant hepatic failure.RiESULTS There was no difference of survival between the two groups of rabbits, but in the supported rabbits serum alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin and creatinine were significantly lower and hepatocyte necrosis was markedly milder than those in control animals. In addition, a good viability of human liver cells was noted after the experiment.CONCLUSION EBLSS plays a biologic role in maintaining and compensating the function of the liver.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTION According to the therapeutic effect and strategy of antisense RNA for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we have specifically synthesized partial cDNA of human insulin-like growth factor Ⅱ (IGFⅡ ) and constructed IGF-Ⅱ cDNA antisense eukaryotic expression vector. The constructed vector was introduced into hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 to block the intrinsic IGF- Ⅱexpression. The biological behavior changes of hepatoma cells were observed. All these would provide scientific basis for IGF- Ⅱ antisense RNA in the treatment of HCC.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTION The antitumor activity of norcantharidin (NCTD),the demethylated analogue of cantharidin, was studied in the early 1980s in China. NCTD has no side effects on urinary organs which cantharidin has shown and is easier to synthesize, and it can inhibit the proliferation of several tumor cell lines as well as transplanted tumors. Clinical trials with NCTD as a monotherapeutic agent indicated that NCTD had beneficial effects in patients with different kinds of digestive tract cancers, such as primary hepatoma,carcinomas of esophagus and gastric cancer, but no depressive effect on bone marrow cells. NCTD can increase the white blood cell count by stimulating the bone marrow and has some antagonistic effect against leukopenia caused by other agents. The exact cellular and molecular mechanisms of NCTD on tumor cells have not yet been elucidated to date[1-3].

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which is also known as vascular permeability factor (VPF) is a heparin-binding, dimeric polypeptide growth factor and a potent mitogen for endothelial cells.VEGF can stimulate the endothelial cell growth and enhance the motility through its two known receptors flt-1 and KDR[1]. Acting through these receptors, VEGF may stimulate angiogenesis and promote tumor progression. VEGF12l, as one of the four VEGF protein isoforms containing the least number of amino acids, has all the biological function of VEGF and is the ideal isoforms for further studying VEGF at molecular levels[2]. In this study, we cloned

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONThe recent studies have shown that rhubarb has not only the effect of removing stasis by purgation, but also intestinal barrier effects[1,2]. In order to further clarify the intestinal barrier mechanism of rhubarb, we studied the effects of rhubarb decoction and the active ingredients of rhubarb on the cytoplasmic free calcium in isolated intestinal mononuclear cells (INT-MNC)

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONThe treatment of human epithelial malignancies is limited by drug resistance and toxic and side effects,which results in the failure in the treatment of majority of advanced cancer victims. To seek for a new, and specific antineoplastic therapy will provide hope for tumor treatment. Although disordered intermediary metabolism in cancer cells has been known for many years, much of the work focused on abnormal glucose catabolism. At the same time, little attention has been paid to fatty acid synthasis in tumor tissues, dispite of the significance of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in some clinical human ovarian[1], breast[2], colorectal[3],and prostatic cancers[4,5]. Tumor cells which express high levels of fatty acid synthesizing enzymes use endogeneously synthesized fatty acids for membrance biosynthesis and appear to export large amounts of lipid. In contrast, normal cells preferentially utilize diary lipid.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTION It has now been almost 20 years since the initial descriptions of a heretofore unrecognized disorder afflicting homosexual men and manifesting as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Kaposi′s sarcoma. With the identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the etiology of this syndrome, there has been exponential growth in our understanding of this devastating immune disorder. During the first decade of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), there was an explosion of cases in the United States and Africa.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONMacrophages play an important role in tumor lysis and growth inhibition. They can be activated to a tumoricidal state by a variety of agents such as IFNr, TNFa or IL2. The killing machanisms of activated macrophages have been extensively investigated[1,2]. Recently, it has been proved that antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is one of the potent arms to lyse tumor cells resistant to cytotoxic macrophages,and that the antitumorous effect of a macrophage activator is significantly augmented by the combined use of mAbs capable of inducing ADCC to tumor cells[3].

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

AIM To clone core gene cDNA of Chinese hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) into eukaryotic expression vector cosmid pTM3 and to express HCV core antigen in HepG2 cells.METHODS Core gene cDNA of HCV was introduced into eukaryotic expression vector cosmid pTM3. Using vaccinia virus/bacteriophage T7 hybrid expression system,HepG2 cells were transfected with the recombinant plasmid pTM3-Q534 by lipofectin.RESULTS From the transfected bacteria Top10F′, 2 pTM3-Q534 clones containing the recombinant plasmid were identified from randomly selected 10 ampicillin-resistant colonies. By reverse transcription PCR and indirect immunofluorescence technique, HCV RNA and core protein was identified in HepG2 cells transfected with the recombinant plasmid.CONCLUSION The construction of a recombinant plasmid and the expression of core gene cDNA of HCV in HepG2 was successful.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

CHARACTERISTICS OF BILIARY CALCULOUS DISEASES IN CHINA: THE CHANGING SCOPE Diseases of the biliary tract in China is complicated with the prevalence of primary infection of the bile duct system. In the middle of the 20th century, biliary infection, biliary parasitic infestation, and biliary stones made up the three chief components of biliary diseases in China. As to the calculous diseases of the biliary tract, the relative incidence of primary bile duct stones accounted for 50% of the total cases. Therefore, calculous disease accounted for 60.1% among 228 surgical cases in the Chongqing Southwest Hospital, and 60 of the 80 common bile duct stones were primary bile duct origin ( including primary intrahepatic duct stones)[1,2].

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONGastrin is a trophic gastrointestinal hormone which is secreted by G cell. Gastrin has long been considered a growth stimulatory hormone for mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract[1]. The growth responses of certain colorectal cancer cells, and xenografts, can be stimulated by endogenous gastrin[2]. Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of isozymes that plays a crucial role in transducing signals of many hormones, growth peptides,neurotransmitters, and its activation is crucial in tumor promotion[3]. PKC is also involved in regulating cellular proliferation[4].

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTION The esophageal carcinoma is a common malignant tumor in Linzhou City (Linxian) of Henan Province in northern China. Although the etiology and natural history of esophageal carcinoma are not clear, a substantial amount of evidence has been provided to suggest that the development of human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) is a multistage progressive process[1-4] An early indicator of abnormality in persons predisposed to esophageal SCC is an increased proliferation of esophageal epithelial cells,morphologically manifested as basal cell hyperplasia (BCH), and dysplasia (DYS), and carcinoma in situ, which could be considered precancerous lesions of esophageal SCC[1-4].

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

AIM To find out the difference of human primary liver carcinogenesis between Han and minority ethnic patients in Xinjiang.METHODS Expression of p53, c-erbB-2, Hrssp21 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in tumor tissues of 50 patients (Han 38, minority 12 ) with primary hepatic carcinoma was detected by immunohistochemistry (LSAB).RESULTS The positive frequency of p53, cerbB-2, H-rasp21 and PCNA expression was 46.0% (23/50), 70.0% (35/50), 68.0% (34/50)and 82.0% (41/50) in tumor tissues; 4.0% (2/50), 22.0% (11/50), 64.0% (32/50) and 52.0%(26/ 50 ) in peritumors respectively and a significant difference, except for H-rasp21, of oncogene alteration was found (P＜0.05)between tumor and non- tumorous tissues.Combined the three oncogenes alteration, 26%(13/50)tumor tissues had positive immunoreactivity, but in peritumor and normal livers it was negative. The positive rate of p53,c-erbB-2 and H-rasp21 protein expression was 39.5% (15/38), 60.5% (23/38) and 39.5% (15/38) in tumors of Han patients; 66.7% (8/12),100% (12/12) and 75.0% (9/12) in minorities respectively, with statistical difference (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Overexpression of p53, c-erbB-2 and H-rasp21 in human primary liver carcinoma is an important biomarker of genetic alteration.The different frequency of these oncogenetic changes may reflect some environmental or/and ethnic hereditary factors affecting the liver carcinogenesis. The special life style of Han,Uygur, Kazak and Mongolia nationalities in Xinjiang may also be related to the etiopathogenesis of this disease.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONRadiology has been greatly advanced in China since its founding in 1949 and has been developed faster and further more since China adopted the policy of socioeconomic reform in 1978. It plays an increasingly important role in the medical health care and treatment in the country and has reached the world′s advanced level in certain fields. We now briefly review the history of China′s radiology so as to give a clear picture of its development.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONEndothelins (ETs) has a potent and sustained vasoconstrictive effect on a variety of blood vessels.The vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) is the target for ETs. VSMC of the whole body contains endothelin receptor (ETR)[1]. A great number of experiments have shown that three distinct complementary DNAs of ETR have been identified i. e., endothelin A receptor (ETA receptor),endothelin B receptor ( ETB receptor ) and endothelin C receptor (ETc receptor). ETA receptor was expressed in VSMC responsible for the contraction[2]. The aim of this study is to confirm the effects of endotoxin on the activity of ETR, and the transcription and expression of ETA receptor mRNA in hepatic and intestinal tissues.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONA newly discovered DNA virus,transfusion transmitted virus (TTV), was reported as a cause of post-transfusion hepatitis of unknown etiology in Japan[1]. In order to investigate TTV prevalence in southern China, a study was carried out among blood donors, patients with liver diseases and hemodialysis to determine the epidemiological charateristics.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONAlthough the long-term postoperative survival rate of gastric cancer (GC) patients has been improved significantly since the local dissection of lymph node was widely used in China, yet the low curative resection rate and the high recurrence rate from peritoneal and hepatic metastases hinder it from further improvement. To alter the current unsatisfactory status of GC treatment, a sequential triple therapeutic scheme (STTS), consisting of preoperative regional intra-arterial chemotherapy,curative resection of GC, and intra-operative or early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy, was designed and adopted in this department since 1989. The follow-up data demonstrated that the therapeutic response of STTS is rather satisfactory.The results are reported as follows.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

INTRODUCTIONEsophageal hematomas develop from the dissection of the mucosa from the muscular layers of the esophageal wall and represent an uncommon condition affecting all ages[t-3]. Although the most common cause of esophageal hematomas is iatrogenic mechanical injury-induced by prolonged nasogastric intubation, difficult or forceful endoscopic intubation, or the result of variceal injection sclerotherapy- some may be spontaneous,particularly in patients receiving anticoagulants[3-6]. Presenting symptoms most commonly include dysphagia, hematemesis, and sub-sternal or epigastric pain[5,9].

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期

AIM To evaluale the potential role of P-selectin and anti-P-selectin monoclonal antibody (mAb) in apoptosis during hepatic/renal ischemiareperfusion injury.METHODS Plasma P-selectin level, hepatic/renal P-selectin expression and cell apoptosis were detected in rat model of hepatic/ renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. ELISA, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL were used. Some ischemia-reperfusion rats were treated with antiP-selectin mAb.RESULTS Hepatic/ renal function insufficiency, up-regulated expression of P-selectin in plasma and hepatic/renal tissue, hepatic/renal histopathological damages and cell apoptosis were found in rats with hepatic/renal ischemiareperfusion injury, while these changes became less conspicuous in animals treated with anti-Pselectin mAb.CONCLUSION P-selectin might mediate neutrophil infiltration and cell apoptosis and contribute to hepatic/renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, anti-P-selectin mAb might be an efficient approach for the prevention and treatment of hepatic/renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

作者： 刊期： 2000年第02期