赵芳
人工心瓣的疲劳寿命,与患者的生命紧密相关.体外加速试验可以大大缩短研究周期,因而受到重视.以往的试验表明,体外模拟实验与体内寿命有相关性,它们表现在这几方面:(1)在体外疲劳试验中发生故障的人工心瓣组件在体内也会发生故障;(2)在体外模拟疲劳试验中构件磨损和疲劳的部位也是临床常见的部位;(3)在体外疲劳试验中寿命较高的人工心瓣,在体内寿命也长.
作者：席葆树；Ned H.C.Hwang；吴嘉 刊期： 2003年第z1期
心脏是推动血液循环的动力泵,临床上常常使用射血分数(EF)、大氧耗量等指标评估心脏的功能,但这些指标中并未包含反映心脏负荷特征的压强,因此,这些指标的局限性是显而易见的.从力学的观点看,功或功率是客观反映一个动力泵能力的指标.多年来,很多学者使用压力与流量的积表示心脏的做功能力,但该指标只与心脏对外做功能力有关,并不能完全说明心脏的做功特性.本文提出了一种与心脏平均功率相关的指标:
作者：张建保；袁利君；张晓军；刘一辉；曹铁生 刊期： 2003年第z1期
目的在机体血液循环中,血液流动所产生的切应力不仅改变着血管内皮细胞的形态,而且还调节内皮细胞内生物活性物质的基因表达,且在调节血管平滑肌细胞张力上也起着重要的作用.目前研究切应力对血管张力的调节都是围绕活体组织进行的,这就限制了在切应力作用过程中对平滑肌细胞作深一步的研究.在本实验中,我们寻求一种简便有效地方法,模拟体内流体环境,体外研究在流体切应力作用下,血管内皮细胞调节血管平滑肌细胞张力的机制.
作者：薛军辉；张作明；郭群 刊期： 2003年第z1期
多级分叉或网状血管的流量计算历来是临床和基础研究中受到关注的问题,如局部血管发生关闭或栓塞后对周围血流的影响,产生侧支循环或实施旁路搭接手术后下游血流灌注状况的改善,血管内注入药物后血流分配情况等等.传统的计算方法有水管网络迭代法和电路网络模拟,这些方法在处理边界条件和非线性参数方面存在不够直接和灵活的缺点,本文采用有限元技术和图形处理相结合的方法建立计算机仿真模型分析血管系统中的血流分布.
作者：陈平汉；丁祖荣；王勇 刊期： 2003年第z1期
TNF-α是一种多功能的细胞因子,具有杀伤或抑制肿瘤细胞,提高中性粒细胞吞噬能力等多种重要的生物学功能;同时也发现各种原因引发的感染性休克、炎症、自身免疫性疾病均表现为TNF-α表达水平过高.大量的研究结果表明,TNF-α参与诸如脓毒症、感染、自身免疫疾病、移植物排斥、移植物抗宿主病等多种人类疾病.随着TNF晶体结构的获得,目前已着手设计治疗策略以抑制或抵消TNF-α的活性.其中,国内外正在寻找中和TNF-α的抗体作为抑制TNF-α活性的手段.
作者：李宝霞；叶志义；龙勉 刊期： 2003年第z1期
Objective To explore the characteristics of the dynamic change in postburn erythrocyte membrane viscoelasticity and its influence on the regional myocardial blood flow.
作者：Qingyun WU；Xiang WANG；Xiangdong LUO 刊期： 2003年第z1期
Unstabilitaion would be occurred after multilevel anterior decompression on the cervical spine, sometimes the failure of fusion would happen followed with pseudoarthrosis of the cervical spine. This paper is to review the clinic results of the 38 cases treated with more than three levels anterior decompression and to test the biomechanical stabilization of the cervical spine with 6 fresh human cervical specimens.
作者：Zhuojing LUO 刊期： 2003年第z1期
本文采用超声成像技术与生物力学的研究理论相结合,对57例先天性心脏病室间隔缺损损并肺动脉高压患者进行了肺动脉干的超声生物力学研究.
作者：余源；陈明；戴峥；丁云川；汪毅；刘超；张曙翔 刊期： 2003年第z1期
骨是一种结缔组织,它既像钢一样坚硬,又像铝一样轻,是典型的层状梯度功能材料.骨的组分结构完全是由其功能决定的近于完美的一种构造.股骨其空心管型层状结构能适应各种不同姿态的人体负荷功能要求.人工假体植入后改变了股骨干的应力分布,不可避免地产生应力遮挡.运用非均质材料弯曲和扭转理论定量分析了单足站立相及坐位起立时股骨干在假体植入前、后的应力分布情况.比较了钴铬钼合金、钛合金、碳纤维聚砜(CRF/PSF)复合材料假体在股骨干峡部横截面的应力分布情况.由于股骨-假体界面两边材料性能不同,产生的较大应力差异可导致界面松动、剥离和损坏.不同假体的弹性模量不同,产生应力遮挡的程度不同.复合材料假体植入后界面两边应力差异小,应力遮挡率低.羟磷灰石表面涂层假体能缓和界面层的应力差异.
作者：唐六丁；赵为民 刊期： 2003年第z1期
近年来,心脏病的发病率越来越高,已经成为危害人类生命健康为严重的疾病之一.心脏病经常影响左心室容积、心肌质量和功能,同时,左心室容积的改变在某种程度上又影响左心室形状的改变.因此,定量描述左心室室壁局部运动和整体运动,以及左心室形状的改变,对心脏病的诊断和治疗有着特殊重要的意义.
作者：徐宏亮；李晓阳 刊期： 2003年第z1期
Understanding of the biomechanics of human foot and ankle complex can help in designing a better foot support. Experimental approaches are limited to interfacial pressure measurement between the foot and supporting surface and gross motion tracking of major foot joints. The measurement of internal stress/strain and individual bony movement of the foot and ankle,which is essential in enhancing knowledge on the biomechanics of the foot, is still sparse due to experimental difficulties. Computer simulation provides an efficient alternative to acquire those important clinical parameters.
作者：Ming ZHANG；Jason Tak - Man CHEUNG；Yubo FAN 刊期： 2003年第z1期
微载体悬浮培养是贴壁细胞的一种常见培养方式,在大多数传统的生物反应器中一般都有搅拌装置,这样会带来较高的剪切力并且极易导致湍流,容易使待培养的细胞受到损伤.
作者：鞠智好；刘天庆；崔占峰；马学虎 刊期： 2003年第z1期
Mammalian cells subjected to conditions of spaceflight and the microgravity environment ofspace; manifest a number of alterations in structure and function. Among the most notable changes incells flown on the Space Shuttle are reduced growth activation and decline in growth rate in the totalpopulation[1-3]. Other changes include chromosomal aberrations[4], inhibited locomotion[5] , alteredcytokine production[6, 7], changes in PKC distribution[8] , and increased apoptosis[3]. Human lymphocytesrespond poorly to mitogenic stimulation in microgravity[2] and cells of the lymphoblastoid T cell line,Jurkat, are growth arrested[3].
作者：Xiaonan HOU；Mian LONG；Zulai TAO 刊期： 2003年第z1期
观察多粘菌素B(PMX-B)对内毒素血症大鼠血流动力学的影响,并进行了实验.实验分为:内毒素(LPS)+多粘菌素B组,LPS+生理盐水组,LPS模型组.给大鼠一次性静脉注射内毒素(0.5mg/kg),前两组分别注射内毒素后0.5h静脉给予多粘菌素B(0.2mg/kg)和1ml生理盐水(NS),LPS模型组大鼠注入内毒素后不作其他处理.给多粘菌素B后0.5、1、2、4h抽血液,检验血浆中LPS、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、全血粘度(WBV)、红细胞压积(HRC)的变化.结果表明:LPS+多粘菌素B组,在给内毒素1h,全血粘度、红细胞压积明显低于LPS+生理盐水组.因此多粘菌素B治疗能改善内毒素血症早期的血液流变性.
作者：邵阳；王翔；蔡绍皙；高玮；吴西 刊期： 2003年第z1期
Do the tension、compress and bend test on the normal and morbid femoral head cancellous bone and do the stress relaxation and creep test on the lognitudinal and the transverse samples. Then compare the mechanical natures of the normal and the morbid femoral head's cancellous bone. The object of this research is to offer the basic theory for the research of artificial joint material、the design of artificial joint、the implantation of artificial femoral head and the bone's creation and rebuilding.
作者：Hongshun MA；Hai ZHANG 刊期： 2003年第z1期
Introduetion In human dentin,microscopic tubules extend through the entire dentin with variational diameters.The peritubular dentin encircles the tubules and is characterized by its high mineral content.The intertubular dentin occupies the volume outside of peritubular dentin and contains more collagen and less mineral than the peritubular dentin.The above structural characters of dentin should lead to an inhomogeneous and anisotropic stress-strain relation of dentin.In the past years,a lot of experiments based on the microscopic structure of dentin had been done.Some attempts on theoreticallv modeling constitutive law of dentin were also presented.Here author gives an inhomogeneous and anisotropic constitutive model of human dentin,considering the difference of peri-and intertubular dentin,and compare the FEA results basing on this model with the moiréfringe testing results of Wang and Weiner(1998).
作者：Bo HUO 刊期： 2003年第z1期
青光眼是国家防盲工作的重点,闭角型青光眼是其中的主要类型,致盲率很高,瞳孔阻滞形成和虹膜组织材料变性是发病的主要体征.近百年的研究没有给出虹膜材料力学特性的定量表达和瞳孔阻滞力的量化描写.主要原因是虹膜材料试样小、中有瞳孔,待测力学量小,无法进行常规测量.我们开发了瞳孔水密缝合构建虹膜腔体进行测量的实验方法.
作者：刘志成；林丁；宋红芳；张昆亚；乔春燕 刊期： 2003年第z1期
Mechano - chemical coupling is a common phenomenon that exists in various biological processes at different physiological levels. Bone tissue remodeling strongly depends on the local mechanical load. Leukocytes are sheared to form the transient aggregates with platelets or other leukocytes in the circulation. Flow pattern affects the signal transduction pathways in endothelial cells. Receptor/ligand interactions are important to cell adhesion since they supply the physical linkages among cells. How external forces influence the biological function has little been known, and nowadays attract more and more attentions. Here the forced dissociation of selectin/ligand binding is used to test mechano - chemical coupling at molecular level.
作者：Mian Long 刊期： 2003年第z1期
Introduction The wedge - shaped cervical lesion, generally characterizing with wedgelike shape and frequently subgingival location, is the loss of tooth structure at the neck of a tooth. It may be caused mainly by occlusal stress. The association between cervical lesions and occlusal attritions had been studied by some researchers. In the clinical diagnoses, authors observed that the wedge - shaped cervical lesions had different orientations. The lesions point to the coronal ( CL), the middle (ML) and the root (RL) of tooth, respectively.
作者：Bo HUO；Qing ZHANG；Jiade WANG 刊期： 2003年第z1期
人造皮临床使用价值与柔软性、机械强度有极密切的关系,壳聚糖-明胶人造皮是以壳聚糖、明胶、甘油为基本原料,戊二醛为交联剂的产品.本文对所研究的壳聚糖-明胶人造皮进行了不同的方法处理,发现以20%甘油溶液进行人造皮后处理,将使壳聚糖-明胶人造皮机械强度指标达到扯断强度6.5MPa、扯断伸长率210%、撕裂强度5.3KM/m;柔软性指标达到含水率76%,透气空达较大镜下孔径.
作者：叶春婷；邹海燕；彭燕豪；任国梅 刊期： 2003年第z1期
医用生物力学杂志
主管:中华人民共和国教育部
主办：上海交通大学
