魏璨；彭雪；李光伟；徐长庆
目的：探究心脏心肌细胞与成纤维细胞间通过远距离连接———膜纳米管直接传输线粒体的生理学意义以及具体的传输机制。方法：通过激光共聚焦仪器的活细胞追踪功能，实时观测线粒体的运动及传输；利用免疫荧光双染的方法，观察线粒体与微管、微丝等结构的共定位，并使用微管抑制剂Nocodazole ，阻断微管的存在，以观察微管对线粒体传输的作用；使用West－ern blot、real－time PCR方法检测KIF5B蛋白的表达，继而通过使用转染KIF－5B－siRNA慢病毒方法敲减细胞中KIF5B，探究KIF5B的作用；运用TUNEL染色及高内涵检测的方法，检测心肌细胞的凋亡。结果：原代乳大鼠心肌细胞与成纤维细胞间形成的膜纳米管可以传输线粒体，线粒体在其中的平均运动速度（17．5±2．1） nm／s。在膜纳米管中，线粒体与微管存在共定位，线粒体的传输依赖于微管，并且KIF5B是膜纳米管中推动线粒体传输的马达蛋白，使线粒体可以从成纤维细胞中传输到心肌细胞中。在心肌细胞的缺氧－复氧模型的病理模型中，成纤维细胞通过将自身的线粒体传输到心肌细胞中，起到减少心肌细胞凋亡的保护作用。结论：作为一种新型的细胞连接，心肌细胞与成纤维细胞间形成的膜纳米管可以通过直接传输线粒体，从而减少受损心肌细胞的凋亡，这种传输依赖于微管及马达蛋白KIF5B。
作者：张江晖；沈静；吴济民；肖晗；何康敏；吕志珍；李子健；徐明；张幼怡 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：动物实验表明高盐摄入可降低循环及肾脏中肾胺酶的表达水平。本研究拟探讨钠、钾摄入对成人血清和尿中肾胺酶表达的影响。方法：42名（28～65岁）来自中国北方农村的受试者参与了这项研究。所有受试者依次接受低盐饮食7 d（氯化钠3 g／d），高盐饮食7 d（氯化钠18 g／d），高盐补钾饮食7 d（氯化钠18 g＋氯化钾4．5 g／d）。血清及尿中肾胺酶水平用ELISA试剂盒进行检测。结果：低盐饮食期，血清中肾胺酶水平较基线期显著升高。低盐转向高盐饮食期时，血清肾胺酶水平随之下降，但同时给予补钾后，可阻止高盐所致的肾胺酶水平下降。尿中肾胺酶水平在高盐饮食期显著高于低盐期。高盐补钾期，尿中肾胺酶水平与单纯高盐期相比无显著差异，但显著高于低盐饮食期。24 h尿钠排泄与血清中肾胺酶水平呈负相关，与尿中肾胺酶水平呈正相关。结论：饮食中钠、钾含量的变化可显著影响中国人血清及尿中肾胺酶的表达水平。
作者：吕永波；汪洋；牟建军 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:The 50-Hz magnetic field (MF) is a potential health-risk factor.Its effects on the cardiovascular system have not been fully investigated .This study was conducted to explore the effects of long-term exposure to 50-Hz MF on the cardiovascular system . METHODS:In the study , an exposure system was constructed and the distribution of 50-Hz MF was detected .Sixty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to 50-Hz MF at 100 μT for 24 weeks, 20 hours per day, while another 64 rats were sham exposed. During the exposure, blood pressure was measured every 4 weeks, and 24 weeks later, echocardiography, cardiac catheterisation and electrocardiography were performed .Moreover , heart and body weight were recorded , while haematoxylin-eosin staining and real-time PCR were conducted .RESULTS:The results showed that compared with the sham group , exposure to 50-Hz MF did not exert any effect on blood pressure, pulse rate, heart rate and cardiac rhythm.Further, echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation showed that there were no significant differences in the cardiac morphology and haemodynamics .In addition , histopathological examination showed that 50-Hz MF exposure had no effect on the structure of hearts .Finally, the expression of the cardiac hypertrophic relative genes did not show any significant differences between 50-Hz MF exposure group and the sham group .CONCLUSION: Taken together , in SD rats, exposure to 50-Hz/100-μT MF for 24 weeks did not show any obvious effects on the cardiovascular system .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：观察短暂反复缺血预处理（IPC）对肾缺血再灌注损伤（RI／RI）的影响。方法：成年健康雄性SD大鼠，体重150～180 g，随机分为：假手术（sham）组；缺血再灌（I／R）组；缺血预处理1次＋缺血再灌（1＋I／R）组；缺血预处理2次＋缺血再灌（2＋I／R）组；缺血预处理3次＋缺血再灌（3＋I／R）组。各组动物经1％戊巴比妥钠腹腔麻醉，开腹，暴露双侧肾动静脉。假手术组只开腹不夹闭双侧肾动静脉；I／R组夹闭双侧肾动静脉45 min后松夹再灌；1＋I／R、2＋I／R和3＋I／R各组则分别夹闭双侧肾动、静脉5 min后再灌5 min 1次、2次和3次后再行夹闭双侧肾动静脉45 min后松夹再灌；再灌后逐层缝合腹膜，腹壁肌肉和皮肤。24 h后取血及双侧肾脏测定血清肌酐（ SCr）、血尿素氮（ BUN）以及肾组织丙二醛（ MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的水平。结果：与I／R组相比，1＋I／R、2＋I／R和3＋I／R组BUN和SCr均明显降低（P＜0．05），其中以3＋I／R组BUN和SCr降低程度为著；I／R组MDA含量较sham组显著升高；SOD活力则较sham组明显降低（P＜0．01）；与I／R组相比，1＋I／R、2＋I／R和3＋I／R组SOD活力均明显增加，而MDA含量则明显降低（P＜0．05），其中以3＋I／R组MDA含量降低得为显著。结论：短暂反复IPC可改善RI／RI大鼠肾功能，减轻肾组织损伤。
作者：仝飞；牛丽静；王慧娟；苗智慧；夏晓红 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:To investigate the relationship between autophagy and calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs) after platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB stimulation.METHODS:Cultured VSMCs were stimulated with PDGF-BB for different time, the expression of vascular calcification-related proteins and autophagy-related proteins were detected by Western blot .The interaction be-tween Beclin1 and PI3KC3 was detected by co-immunoprecipitation.RESULTS: The expression of BMP2 and ALP showed a trend from decline to rise.ALP slumped at 12 h, and BMP2 slumped at 6 h.Moreover, the expression of Beclin-1 showed a trend from riseto decline, and peaked at 12 h.The conversion of LC3-ⅠtoⅡincreased in a time-dependent manner , and peaked at 24 h.The ex-pression of BMP2 and ALP was increased in VSMCs incubated with PDGF-BB and autophagy inhibitor 3-MA, compared with PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs.Furthermore, the interaction between Beclin1 and PI3KC3 was enhanced at 6 h after PDGF-BB stimulated, peaked at 12 h, and kept in high level at 24 h.Moreover, the phosphorylation level of Beclin 1 was enhanced by PDGF-BB stimulation, and peaked at 6 h.CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate that PDGF-BB-induced autophagy inhibits VSMC calcification by en-hancing Beclin1 phosphorylation and interaction between Beclin 1 and PI3KC3.
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:To investigate the relationship between polyamine metabolism and hypoxia /ischemia ( H/I)-induced cell apoptosis and to determine the mechanisms by which exogenous spermine protects cell apoptosis against AMI in rats .METHOD:The left anterior de-scending coronary artery ( LAD) of the Wistar rats were ligated , and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were placed under hypoxic conditions for 24 h to establish the model of AMI (or H/I).Exogenous spermine was administered by intraperitoneal injection (2.5 mg/kg daily for 7 days) in vitro and subjected to the cell medium at 5μmol/L as a pre-treatment therapy.RESULTS:AMI (or H/I) induced an increase in polyamine catabolized enzyme SSAT and a decrease in polyamine biosynthesis enzyme ODC , which result in endogenous spermine and spermidine decrease and putrescine increase .At the same time, AMI ( or H/I) lowered cardiac function , increased cTnI and CK-MB concentrations , aggravated myocardial infarct size , cardiomyocyte damage and apoptosis , raised ROS generation , increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related proteins, promoted the release of cytochrome C and mPTP opening , down-regulated Bcl-2 expression and the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2, PI3K, Akt and GSK-3β, and activated PERK and eIF 2αphosphorylation .Spermine pre-treatment reversed the above-motioned changes .CONCLUSION:AMI ( or H/I ) could induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis and polyamine metabolism disorder .Exogenous spermine attenuates cardiac injury through scavenging the ROS and inhibiting mPTP opening and ERS injury .These findings provide a novel target for the prevention of apoptosis in the setting of AMI .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：观察硫化氢对大鼠急性心肌缺血组织细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法：健康雄性SD大鼠，随机分成7组：假手术组；心肌缺血组；心肌缺血＋NaHS 低剂量组；心肌缺血＋NaHS 中剂量组；心肌缺血＋NaHS 高剂量组；心肌缺血＋SB216763组；心肌缺血＋1％DMSO组。结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支复制急性心肌缺血模型。记录各组大鼠MAP、LVDP、LV－EDP、dp／dtmax和dp／dtmin ，测定LDH活性、心肌细胞凋亡率、p－GSK－3β、t－GSK－3β、β－catenin、Bax和Bcl－2蛋白表达以及心肌组织形态学变化。结果：大鼠心肌缺血后MAP、LVDP、dp／dtmax和dp／dtmin降低，LVEDP升高，血清LDH活性增强，心肌细胞凋亡率和Bax表达增强，Bcl－2表达降低，p－GSK－3β、p－GSK－3β／t－GSK－3β和β－catenin表达降低。心肌纤维横纹不齐或消失，核偏移甚至裂解消失。给予NaHS后，大鼠MAP、LVDP、dp／dtmax和dp／dtmin均升高，LVEDP降低，血清LDH活性降低，心肌细胞凋亡率和Bax表达降低，Bcl－2表达增强，心肌p－GSK－3β、p－GSK－3β／t－GSK－3β和β－catenin表达均增强，心肌细胞变性程度明显减轻。结论：硫化氢可通过GSK－3β／β－catenin信号途径介导心肌损伤后抗细胞凋亡作用。
作者：张建新；葛宁；刘超；解丽君；张勤增 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：观察辛伐他汀（Sim）及缺血后处理（IPO）对肾缺血再灌注损伤（RI／RI）的影响。方法：采用夹闭双侧肾动、静脉45 min后松夹再灌的方法制RIRI模型。成年健康雄性SD大鼠，体重180～220 g，随机分为5组：假手术（ sham）组、溶剂对照（ sham＋V）组、缺血再灌注（ I／R）组、Sim组和IPO组。 Sim组每日给予辛伐他汀20 mg／kg灌胃，持续2周。 IPO组用无创动脉夹，夹闭双侧肾动、静脉45 min去夹后，行6个循环夹闭10 s／再灌10 s后处理。再灌注24 h后取腹主动脉血，测定血肌酐（SCr）和尿素氮（BUN）。取血后迅速摘取双侧肾脏，观察肾组织损伤程度，检测丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）、一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。结果：I／R组大鼠肾功能明显受损，BUN和SCr含量均明显高于sham组和sham＋V组（ P＜0．01）。与I／R组相比，Sim和IPO组BUN和SCr含量均明显降低（ P＜0．01）。 RI／RI后，I／R组SOD活性较sham组和sham＋V组显著降低（P＜0．05），MDA含量显著升高（P＜0．05）；与I／R组相比，Sim和IPO组SOD活性明显增加（P＜0．05），MDA含量则明显降低（P＜0．05）。 RI／RI后，I／R组NO及eNOS含量均明显低于sham组和sham＋V组（P＜0．05）；与I／R组相比，Sim和IPO组NO及eNOS含量均明显增加（P＜0．05）。 Sham组和sham＋V组Bcl－2与Bax蛋白无明显表达，I／R组Bax蛋白表达明显增多，而Bcl－2蛋白表达较少；与I／R组相比，Sim和IPO组Bax蛋白表达减少，而Bcl－2蛋白表达增加。结论：Sim和IPO减轻大鼠RI／RI的作用可能与清除氧自由基，抑制脂质过氧化和提高肾组织的抗氧化能力有关。
作者：谢怡华；牛丽静；王慧娟；苗智慧；夏晓红 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：感染负荷被认为是动脉粥样硬化（ AS）新的独立危险因素。金黄色葡萄球菌（ S．aureus）是临床常见的致病菌之一。本课题组前期研究发现，金黄色葡萄球菌超抗原样蛋白－5（SSL5）可以激活血小板。我们推测，SSL5可能通过激活血小板而诱发炎症反应，探讨其机制可以为阐明感染负荷在AS中的作用提供新的实验证据。方法：体外培养人外周血单核细胞及THP－1细胞，以SSL5激活血小板所产生的微粒（ SSL5－PMPs）作用于上述细胞。结果：SSL5－PMPs呈时间和剂量依赖性地促进单核细胞IL－1β、TNF－α、MCP－1和MMP－9的表达；并促进MCP－1诱导的单核细胞迁移；阻断CD40L与CD40的相互作用，可以部分抑制SSL5－PMPs诱导单核细胞产生炎症介质；以siRNA下调单核细胞CD40或TRAF6基因的表达，导致SSL5－PMPs诱导单核细胞炎症介质的产生减少，并抑制NF－κB p65亚单位的磷酸化及核转位；阻断TLR4信号通路对SSL5－PMPs诱导单核细胞释放炎症介质没有影响。结论：SSL5可以激活血小板并产生PMPs；SSL5－PMPs与单核细胞结合，且主要与外周血中的具有促炎作用的单核细胞结合，促进炎性细胞因子的释放，CD40－TRAF6－NF－κB信号通路主要参与了这一过程。本研究为阐明感染负荷的致动脉粥样硬化机制提供了依据。
作者：胡厚源；贝俊杰；肇炜博 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:Heart failure is characterized by immune activation leading to production and release of proinflammatory cytokines .Inter-leukin 17A (IL-17A) is a proinflammatory cytokine and multiple lines of evidence from animal and human studies suggest crucial roles of IL-17A in heart failure.Therefore, we investigated whether common polymorphisms of genes IL17A and IL17RA (coding interleukin 17 receptor A) gene contribute to genetic predisposition to heart failure and adverse clinical outcomes associated with it .METHODS AND RESULTS:A total of 1713 adults patients with congestive heart failure and 1713 age-and sex-matched controls were genotyped for promoter SNPs, rs2275913 and rs8193037 in IL17A and rs4819554 in IL17RA, to assess the relationship between individual SNPs and the risk of congestive heart failure .Results showed that rs8193037 in IL17A was associated with the risk of congestive heart failure (P<0.01) after adjustment for multiple cardiovascular risk factors including age , sex, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia.This association was evident in both ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure (P<0.05).Furthermore, prospective fol-low-up of 12.7 months for the occurrence of adverse clinical outcomes showed that rs 4819554 in IL17RA was significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality (P<0.05) after adjustments for multiple cardiovascular risk factors and New York Heart Association functional class.CONCLUSION:This study demonstrated associations of rs8193037 in the promoter of IL17A with the risk of conges-tive heart failure, and of rs4819554 in the promoter of IL17RA with the risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with congestive heart failure.These data lend further support to the notion that immune activation and genetic polymorphisms contribute to heart failure path -ogenesis and progression .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:To investigate whether KCNE 2 participates in the development of pathological hypertrophy .METHODS:Bidirectional ma-nipulations of KCNE2 expression were performed by adenoviral overexpression of KCNE 2 or knockdown of KCNE2 with RNA interfer-ence in PE-induced neonatal rat ventricular myocytes .Then overexpression of KCNE 2 in mouse model of left ventricular hypertrophy in-duced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) by ultrasound microbubble-mediated gene transfer were used to detect the therapeutic function of KCNE2 in the development of hypertrophy .RESULTS:KCNE2 expression was significantly decreased in PE-induced hy-pertrophic cardiomyocytes and in hypertrophic hearts produced by TAC .Knockdown of KCNE2 in cardiomyocytes reproduced hypertro-phy, whereas overexpression of KCNE2 attenuated PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .Knockdown of KCNE2 increased calcineurin activity and nuclear NFAT protein level , and pretreatment with nifedipine or FK 506 attenuated decreased KCNE 2-induced cardiomyo-cyte hypertrophy .Overexpression of KCNE 2 in heart by ultrasound microbubble-mediated gene transfer suppressed the development of hypertrophy and activation of calcineurin-NFAT and MAPK pathways in TAC mice .CONCLUSION:These findings demonstrate that cardiac KCNE2 expression is decreased and contributes to the development of hypertrophy via activation of calcineurin -NFAT andMAPK pathways .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：Mip2是心肌缺血后适应的一个分子靶点，其表达能抑制氧化应激诱导的心肌细胞凋亡。基于MIP2为WD蛋白，本科室冯衍生博士利用大鼠心肌缺血再灌注动物模型，对MIP2可能的相互作用蛋白进行了筛选，质谱鉴定了若干个蛋白质，其中包括VDAC，但VDAC包括VDAC1、VDAC2和VDAC3，它们与MIP2的关系尚不清楚。本研究在此基础上进一步深入探讨MIP2的心肌细胞保护机制。方法：首先构建了MIP2和VDAC真核表达载体，利用了基因共转染探讨MIP2与VDAC可能的相互作用；然后采用不同的抗体免疫共沉淀加Western blot免疫印迹技术，主要探讨MIP2与VDAC1的相互作用；利用免疫荧光定位探讨MIP2与VDAC1在H9c2细胞内的分布；采用MIP2的结构突变，研究MIP2与VDAC1相互作用的结构域；后通过MIP2的全长与突变体探讨其对H9c2心肌细胞膜电位与细胞死亡率的影响，观察MIP2及其与蛋白相互作用对氧化应激损伤心肌细胞的保护作用。结果：MIP2与VDAC基因共转染后免疫共沉淀加Western blot 鉴定，结果显示MIP2与VDAC1和VDAC2有相互作用关系，与VDAC3无相互作用；GFP与VDAC1抗体免疫共沉淀进一步证明了这种相互作用；细胞免疫共定位显示，MIP2与VDAC1分布于细胞同一区域，支持其在细胞中存在相互作用；MIP2结构突变显示，位于其C端的WD40是与其它蛋白相互作用的结构域。心肌细胞转染基因后施以氧化应激处理，结果显示，虽然MIP2全长能抑制氧化应激诱导的H9 c2心肌细胞线粒体膜电位降低和细胞死亡，但其蛋白结合结构域不能有效抑制这种诱导性的膜电位降低与细胞死亡。结论：VDAC1是MIP2的一个作用靶点，MIP2 C端的WD40是其与VDAC1相互作用的一个结构域。 MIP2能抑制氧化应激诱导的心肌细胞线粒体膜电位降低与细胞死亡，其机制可能与调节VDAC1有关。
作者：蒋磊；陈广斌；王浩；刘可；张华莉；肖献忠 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:Increasing evidence suggests that carbohydrate-binding proteins play an essential role in tumor growth and metastasis .Ga-lectin-3, a multifunctional protein of an expanding family of β-galactoside-binding animal lectins , is the major nonintegrin cellular laminin-binding protein , and is implicated in a variety of biologic events , such as inflammation and angiogenesis .Because galectin-3 expression was shown to participate in mediating tumor angiogenesis and initiate signaling cascades in several diseases .We hypothe-sized that galectin-3 may promote pulmonary vascular endothelial neovascularization .METHODS:Hypoxic and MCT rat model of pul-monary artery remodeling was used .The mRNA and protein levels of galectin-3 in rats were measured by in situ hybrization and West-ern blot analysis.Endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration and tube formation were measured using MTT , cell scratch and Matri-gel assays, respectively.Protein expression was quantitated by Western blot analysis .LC 3A/B staining was detected with cellular im-munofluorescence staining .RESULTS:We found that galectin-3 was localized on the intima and adventitial wall .Galectin-3 was in-creased after rat hypoxia and MCT administration .Galectin-3 promoted EC proliferation , migration and tube formation , while its roles were reversed by RNA interference.Galectin-3 induced Atg 5, Beclin-1, LAMP-2, and LC 3A/B expression increases.Galectin-3 al-so increased LC 3A/B staining in ECs.Akt/mTOR and GSK-3βsignaling pathways were activated after galectin-3 treated ECs using its specific phosphorylation antibodies , while blocked it with LY294002 inhibited cell autophagy and EC dynamic alterations induced by galectin-3.CONCLUSION:These findings demonstrate that galectin-3 can induce an Akt signaling cascade leading to cell autoph-agy, and then the differentiation and angiogenesis of pulmonary artery endothelial cells .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探讨儿茶酚抑素（ CST）对间歇低氧高血压大鼠的作用及机制。方法：健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组：control组、IH （间歇低氧组）组和IH＋CST组（于低氧前3 d皮下埋植含CST 20 nmol? kg －1? d－1的微量渗透泵）。后2组置于间歇低氧舱中，舱内氧浓度为（5±0．5）％～（21±0．5）％，低氧－复氧循环时间为120 s（60 s＋60 s），8 h／d，共3周。颈总动脉插管测收缩压（SP）、舒张压（DP）和平均压（MP），检测血浆中氧化／抗氧化损伤指标，Western blot 法检测主动脉和肾组织中核因子E2相关因子2（Nrf2）蛋白表达的变化。结果：SP、DP及MP，IH组均比control 组高（P＜0．01），而IH＋CST 组则显著低于IH 组（P＜0．01）。 IH组的MPO和MDA含量显著高于control组（P＜0．05），而SOD和羟自由基抑制率显著低于control组（P＜0．01）；IH＋CST组的MPO和MDA明显低于IH组（P＜0．05），SOD和羟自由基抑制率显著高于IH组（P＜0．01）。与control组相比， IH组大鼠主动脉和肾组织胞浆、胞核中Nrf2蛋白的表达均显著下调（P＜0．05）；IH＋CST组与IH组相比，胞浆中Nrf2蛋白的表达显著下调（P＜0．05），而胞核中Nrf2蛋白的表达显著上调（P＜0．05）。结论：CST有减轻间歇低氧致大鼠高血压的作用，该作用可能与其通过Nrf2－ARE信号通路调节氧化应激反应有关。
作者：陈然；范小芳；郑青青；丁露；薛峰；王永煜；龚永生 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探讨NAD（P）H醌氧化还原酶1[NAD（P）H－quinone oxidoreductase 1，NQO1]过表达在卵巢黏液性囊腺癌临床预后评估中的意义。方法：应用免疫组化EnVision法检测NQO1蛋白在162例卵巢黏液性囊腺癌组织、35例卵巢黏液性囊腺瘤组织和29例正常卵巢上皮组织中的表达，并分析其过表达与卵巢黏液性囊腺癌临床病理学特点之间的关系，通过Kaplan－Meier方法进行生存分析。结果：NQO1蛋白在卵巢黏液性囊腺癌组织中的阳性率及强阳性率分别为85．8％和64．2％，显著高于卵巢黏液性囊腺瘤和正常卵巢上皮组织（P＜0．01）。卡方检验结果显示，NQO1蛋白高表达与卵巢黏液性囊腺癌组织学分级和FIGO分期密切相关（ P＜0．05）。 Kaplan－Meier生存分析显示，NQO1蛋白高表达的卵巢黏液性囊腺癌患者总生存期和无病生存期均明显低于NQO1蛋白低表达患者。结论：NQO1蛋白在卵巢黏液性囊腺癌组织中呈高表达，可能成为卵巢黏液性囊腺癌预后评估的有效生物学指标。
作者：徐明；杨洋；车拴龙；朴英实；林贞花；陈丽艳 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:There is little evidence proving the molecular mechanism of WenxinKeli ( WXKL) .This study tried to explore the gene ex-pression profile and pathology alteration of WXKL-treated rabbits with myocardial infarction .METHOD: Twenty male adult rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham, model, WXKL and captopril groups .Model, WXKL and captopril groups underwent the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery , while sham group went through an identical procedure without ligation .WXKL (817 mg? kg-1? d-1), captopril (8 mg? kg -1? d-1) and distilled water (model and sham) were administered orally to the rabbits. 4 weeks later, hearts were taken out for expression chip and pathological staining (HE, Masson and TUNEL) after echocardiography. RESULT:WXKL could down-regulate genes associated with inflammation (CX3CR1, MRC1, and FPR1), apoptosis (cathepsin C and TTC5) and neuro-hormonal system (ACE and EDN1), and up-regulate angiogenesis promoting gene like RSPO 3, which explained why WXKL group represented with better cardiac function , less histopathological injury and slighter apoptosis .CONCLUSION:WXKL plays an important role in suppressing inflammation , inhibiting renin-angiotensin system and alleviating apoptosis , and might be a promising Chinese medicine in treating patients with myocardial infarction .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探讨钙敏感受体（calcium－sensing receptor，CaSR）在氧化型低密度脂蛋白（oxidized low－density lipoprotein，oxLDL）诱导的大鼠胸主动脉平滑肌细胞（A7r5细胞）增殖及迁移中的作用及信号机制。方法：BrdU掺入法检测细胞增殖；伤口愈合实验及Transwell迁移分析检测细胞迁移情况；Western blot方法检测CaSR、PCNA、ERK MAPK通路及PI3K／AKT通路的蛋白表达。结果：（1）小剂量（10 mg／L）oxLDL 作用A7r5细胞24 h促进细胞的增殖和迁移；（2）oxLDL增加A7r5细胞的CaSR表达；（3）CaSR 拮抗剂NPS2390抑制了oxLDL 的作用，而激动剂GdCl3进一步增强了oxLDL 的作用；（4）oxLDL 可促进p－AKT、p－ERK蛋白表达；（5）PI3K／AKT通路抑制剂LY294002、ERK MAPK通路抑制剂PD98059能够抑制oxLDL 诱导的细胞增殖和迁移效应；（6）NPS2390抑制了oxLDL诱导的p－AKT和p－ERK蛋白表达，而GdCl3作用相反。结论：（1）oxLDL诱导A7r5细胞增殖及迁移效应；（2）CaSR参与oxLDL诱导的A7r5细胞增殖及迁移作用；（3）CaSR 通过活化PI3K／AKT通路及ERK MAPK 信号通路参与oxLDL诱导的A7r5细胞增殖及迁移作用。
作者：李忠；徐长庆；田野；郝丽荣；李宏霞 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探讨高盐饮食对Dahl盐敏感大鼠肾小管上皮向间质转化（ EMT ）和肾脏纤维化的影响。方法：7～8周龄雄性Dahl盐敏感大鼠（SS， n＝24）及SS－13BN大鼠（13BN， n＝12），高盐、正常饮食干预4周与8周，测血压及血尿生化指标；用Masson染色评估肾脏纤维化程度；免疫组化和实时定量PCR检测肾小管上皮标志E－cadherin和间质细胞标志α－SMA mRNA和蛋白的表达情况。结果：（1）相较基线期，SS和13BN大鼠干预后收缩压增高，SS大鼠增高幅度更为明显；8周高盐干预时血压显著高于4周（P＜0．01）。（2）4周高盐负荷后，2种大鼠肾脏均出现胶原纤维沉积，且SS高盐组多于13BN高盐组。8周时， SS高盐组肾小球和间质胶原沉积较4周进一步加重。（3）4周和8周高盐干预后，与SS正常饮食组相比，SS高盐组肾脏E－cadherin表达显著减少，α－SMA 表达明显增加。（4）肾脏纤维化程度与与肾小管EMT 的发生显著相关（ E－cadherin： r ＝－0．787；α－SMA：r＝0．866）。结论：高盐饮食可诱导Dahl盐敏感大鼠肾小管上皮细胞EMT的发生，促进肾脏纤维化。
作者：汪洋；牟建军；褚超；吕永波 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:To analyze the proteins included in exosomes derived from blood of patients with hypertension and seek the main pathologi -cal changes in hypertension .METHODS:Forty-seven patients and healthy subjects were recruited and divided into two comparisons :healthy subjects vs atherosclerosis ( HS vs AS) , and atherosclerosis vs hypertension plus atherosclerosis ( AS vs HT+AS) .We extrac-ted exosomes from blood and utilized LC-MS/MS to identify the protein expression .We used GO analysis to established the hierarchy programs of biological process and molecular function .PPI was used to find the proteins related to the terms .RESULTS:It was found that three final child terms repeatedly shown in BP of the two categories ( HS vs AS and AS vs HT+AS):“signal transduction in re-sponse to DNA damage”,“response to zinc ion”, and“platelet aggregation”.It was found that two final child terms in MF of the two categories:“interleukin 2 receptor binding” and“ploy(A) RNA binding”.The proteins, PSMA6, PSMA7 and CA2, were related to the terms in the two categories .CONCLUSION: We discovered that the exosome proteins may indicate the pathological changes in hypertension through the biological processes related with the specific proteins .These specific proteins, such as VCL, PSMA6, DP, AKAP, ATP5B and CA2, can be the new indicators for severity of hypertension and new therapeutic targets .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：建立大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型和氧化应激损伤细胞模型，研究抗肌萎缩蛋白Dp71在损伤心肌及细胞中的表达，探讨其拮抗心肌细胞凋亡的作用及其分子机制。方法：阻断SD大鼠冠状动脉左前降支血流30 min后恢复血流复制心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型，观察心肌形态学、LDH变化及心肌细胞凋亡；检测再灌注不同时间心脏Dp71蛋白和mRNA表达。建立H9c2细胞氧化应激损伤模型，检测H2 O2刺激后细胞中Dp71蛋白和mRNA的表达。 H9c2细胞转染Dp71过表达质粒，流式细胞术检测Dp71高表达对H2 O2诱导H9c2细胞凋亡率的影响。 Western blot检测过表达Dp71对细胞中lamin B1和Bcl－2蛋白表达的影响；对H2 O2刺激下lamin B1和Bcl2蛋白表达改变的影响。结果：与假手术组相比，再灌注损伤组HE染色心肌出现明显形态改变，LDH明显增加， IR组心肌细胞凋亡数显著增加。 IR后各时点Dp71 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均增加（ P＜0．05）。0．2 mmol／L H2 O2刺激细胞16 h Dp71蛋白及mRNA表达明显升高（ P＜0．05）。 H9c2细胞中转染Dp71过表达质粒可抑制H2 O2所诱导的细胞凋亡；H9c2细胞中过表达Dp71引起lamin B1和Bcl2表达增高，高表达的Dp71可以抑制过氧化氢刺激引起的lamin B1和Bcl2表达下降。结论：Dp71 mRNA和蛋白表达在大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型和H2 O2诱导H9c2氧化应激损伤模型中明显升高。 H9c2细胞过表达Dp71通过提高Bcl2和lamin B1表达而抑制H2 O2诱导的细胞凋亡。
作者：赵帅；邹江；刘梅冬；陈广文；王浩；余凤秀；肖献忠；谭斯品 刊期： 2016年第08期
中国病理生理杂志
主管:中国科学技术协会
主办：中国病理生理学会
