周梦晨;姜桂青;李倩倩;王孟茹;廖玉华;凃欣
目的:观察辛伐他汀(Sim)及缺血后处理(IPO)对肾缺血再灌注损伤(RI/RI)的影响。方法:采用夹闭双侧肾动、静脉45 min后松夹再灌的方法制RIRI模型。成年健康雄性SD大鼠,体重180~220 g,随机分为5组:假手术( sham)组、溶剂对照( sham+V)组、缺血再灌注( I/R)组、Sim组和IPO组。 Sim组每日给予辛伐他汀20 mg/kg灌胃,持续2周。 IPO组用无创动脉夹,夹闭双侧肾动、静脉45 min去夹后,行6个循环夹闭10 s/再灌10 s后处理。再灌注24 h后取腹主动脉血,测定血肌酐(SCr)和尿素氮(BUN)。取血后迅速摘取双侧肾脏,观察肾组织损伤程度,检测丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果:I/R组大鼠肾功能明显受损,BUN和SCr含量均明显高于sham组和sham+V组( P<0.01)。与I/R组相比,Sim和IPO组BUN和SCr含量均明显降低( P<0.01)。 RI/RI后,I/R组SOD活性较sham组和sham+V组显著降低(P<0.05),MDA含量显著升高(P<0.05);与I/R组相比,Sim和IPO组SOD活性明显增加(P<0.05),MDA含量则明显降低(P<0.05)。 RI/RI后,I/R组NO及eNOS含量均明显低于sham组和sham+V组(P<0.05);与I/R组相比,Sim和IPO组NO及eNOS含量均明显增加(P<0.05)。 Sham组和sham+V组Bcl-2与Bax蛋白无明显表达,I/R组Bax蛋白表达明显增多,而Bcl-2蛋白表达较少;与I/R组相比,Sim和IPO组Bax蛋白表达减少,而Bcl-2蛋白表达增加。结论:Sim和IPO减轻大鼠RI/RI的作用可能与清除氧自由基,抑制脂质过氧化和提高肾组织的抗氧化能力有关。
作者:谢怡华;牛丽静;王慧娟;苗智慧;夏晓红 刊期: 2016年第08期
AIM:Programmed necrosis ( necroptosis ) and apoptosis are crucially involved in multiple severe cardiac pathological conditions , including myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and heart failure.Whereas apoptotic signaling is well defined, the mechanisms underlying cardiomyocyte necroptosis remain elusive .METHODS AND RESULTS:Here we show that both mRNA and protein levels of receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) in the hearts are increased by I/R injury and doxorubicin (Dox) treatment. In mice, RIP3 deficiency ameliorates myocardial necroptosis and heart failure induced by I /R (30-min ischemia/4-h or 8-week reper-fusion) or Dox treatment (20 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg ×4, i.p.).RIP3 overexpression induces cardiomyocyte necroptosis evidenced by de-creased intracellular ATP level and increased lactate dehydrogenase concentration in cell culture medium .RIP3 triggers myocardial ne-croptosis via activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), rather than the well-established RIP3 partners, RIP1 and MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein).Specifically, our data indicate that I/R and Dox markedly activate myo-cardial CaMKII in wild-type but not RIP3-deficient mice , and that CaMKII inhibition or RIP 3 deficiency protect the heart from I/R-and Dox-induced cardiomyocyte necroptosis , cardiac remodeling and heart failure .Mechanistically , RIP3 activates CaMKII via both di-rect phosphorylation and indirect reactive oxidative species-dependent oxidation , and subsequently triggers opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore ( mPTP) and myocardial necroptosis .CONCLUSION: These findings identify CaMKII as a novel RIP 3 substrate and delineate a RIP3-CaMKII-mPTP myocardial necroptosis pathway , a promising target for the treatment of cardiac ischemic and oxidative damage , and heart failure .
作者: 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:感染负荷被认为是动脉粥样硬化( AS)新的独立危险因素。金黄色葡萄球菌( S.aureus)是临床常见的致病菌之一。本课题组前期研究发现,金黄色葡萄球菌超抗原样蛋白-5(SSL5)可以激活血小板。我们推测,SSL5可能通过激活血小板而诱发炎症反应,探讨其机制可以为阐明感染负荷在AS中的作用提供新的实验证据。方法:体外培养人外周血单核细胞及THP-1细胞,以SSL5激活血小板所产生的微粒( SSL5-PMPs)作用于上述细胞。结果:SSL5-PMPs呈时间和剂量依赖性地促进单核细胞IL-1β、TNF-α、MCP-1和MMP-9的表达;并促进MCP-1诱导的单核细胞迁移;阻断CD40L与CD40的相互作用,可以部分抑制SSL5-PMPs诱导单核细胞产生炎症介质;以siRNA下调单核细胞CD40或TRAF6基因的表达,导致SSL5-PMPs诱导单核细胞炎症介质的产生减少,并抑制NF-κB p65亚单位的磷酸化及核转位;阻断TLR4信号通路对SSL5-PMPs诱导单核细胞释放炎症介质没有影响。结论:SSL5可以激活血小板并产生PMPs;SSL5-PMPs与单核细胞结合,且主要与外周血中的具有促炎作用的单核细胞结合,促进炎性细胞因子的释放,CD40-TRAF6-NF-κB信号通路主要参与了这一过程。本研究为阐明感染负荷的致动脉粥样硬化机制提供了依据。
作者:胡厚源;贝俊杰;肇炜博 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:高张应变诱导的血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cells, VSMCs)异常增殖在高血压血管重建发生发展中起重要作用。本研究探讨细胞核骨架( nuclear envelope ,NE)在其中的作用及其机制。方法:应用腹主动脉缩窄构建高血压大鼠动物模型;应用FX4000张应变加载系统对体外培养大鼠胸主动脉VSMCs分别施加5%(正常生理状态)和15%(模拟高血压状态)幅度的周期性张应变;Western blot检测NE蛋白emerin和lamin A蛋白表达水平;染色质免疫共沉淀、芯片( CHIP-on-chip)结合MOTIF生物信息学分析检测与emerin和lamin A结合的DNA序列及其特性;protein/DNA array检测抑制emerin或lamin A表达后转录因子活性变化。结果:高血压大鼠颈总动脉emerin和lamin A表达水平明显降低,中膜VSMCs增殖明显增加;体外加载15%周期性张应变模拟高血压病理条件下VSMCs受到的张应变力学刺激,VSMCs的emerin和lamin A表达明显降低,细胞增殖明显增加,这一作用可被emerin或lamin A的高表达载体转染所部分逆转。 emerin和lamin A能够分别与包含多种转录因子启动子结合位点的DNA片段结合,进而调控多种与VSMCs增殖相关的转录因子活性。结论:NE蛋白emerin和lamin A能够响应力学刺激,并通过调控与特异性转录因子启动子区域的结合调控转录因子活性,参与VSMCs增殖功能调控和高血压血管重建。
作者:齐颖新;姚庆苹;韩悦;黄凯;姜宗来 刊期: 2016年第08期
AIM:Atherosclerosis primarily involved systemic arteries .Luminal surface , a monolayer of endothelial cells , of artery directly exposes to blood and is susceptible to active substances in the blood .Exosomes contain significantly amount of proteins and RNAs .Ex-osomes can be good and bad for cells , depending on their component .Thus, exosomes may contribute to atherosclerosis by affecting endothelial cells .This study analyzed the relationship of exosome proteins and atherosclerosis .METHODS: Fifty-six patients and healthy subjects were recruited and divided into two comparisons:healthy subjects vs atherosclerosis ( HS vs AS) , and hypertension vs hypertension plus atherosclerosis ( HT vs HT+AS) .Serum exosomes were decoded by protein mass spectrometry .The protein profile and function were analyzed by gene ontology ( GO) .RESULTS:It was found that five child terms repeatedly appeared in “response to stimulus” and “immune system process” of BP of the two categories ( HS vs AS and AS vs HT+AS):“positive regulation of innate immune response”,“immune response-activating signal transduction”,”activation of innate immune response”,“innate immune re-sponse-activating signal transduction” and “innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway ”.Two child terms repeatedly showed in “binding” of MF of the two categories:“antigen binding” and “enzyme binding”.Two proteins, PSMA6 and PSMA7, were repeatedly shown in the two categories .CONCLUSION:GO analysis was utilized for structure hierarchy “tree” to illustrate these proteins involved in various terms in BP , CC and MF.The PPI analysis supplied proteins which may play potentially im-portant roles in AS process .Innate immune system and blood coagulation pathway contribute to AS formation .The proteins, PSMA6, PSMA7 and Annexin A2, may can be the new target proteins for prevention and treatment of AS .
作者: 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:观察硫化氢对大鼠急性心肌缺血组织细胞凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法:健康雄性SD大鼠,随机分成7组:假手术组;心肌缺血组;心肌缺血+NaHS 低剂量组;心肌缺血+NaHS 中剂量组;心肌缺血+NaHS 高剂量组;心肌缺血+SB216763组;心肌缺血+1%DMSO组。结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支复制急性心肌缺血模型。记录各组大鼠MAP、LVDP、LV-EDP、dp/dtmax和dp/dtmin ,测定LDH活性、心肌细胞凋亡率、p-GSK-3β、t-GSK-3β、β-catenin、Bax和Bcl-2蛋白表达以及心肌组织形态学变化。结果:大鼠心肌缺血后MAP、LVDP、dp/dtmax和dp/dtmin降低,LVEDP升高,血清LDH活性增强,心肌细胞凋亡率和Bax表达增强,Bcl-2表达降低,p-GSK-3β、p-GSK-3β/t-GSK-3β和β-catenin表达降低。心肌纤维横纹不齐或消失,核偏移甚至裂解消失。给予NaHS后,大鼠MAP、LVDP、dp/dtmax和dp/dtmin均升高,LVEDP降低,血清LDH活性降低,心肌细胞凋亡率和Bax表达降低,Bcl-2表达增强,心肌p-GSK-3β、p-GSK-3β/t-GSK-3β和β-catenin表达均增强,心肌细胞变性程度明显减轻。结论:硫化氢可通过GSK-3β/β-catenin信号途径介导心肌损伤后抗细胞凋亡作用。
作者:张建新;葛宁;刘超;解丽君;张勤增 刊期: 2016年第08期
AIM:To investigate the effect of miR-214 on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the expression of the potential target genes . METHODS:A cell model of hypertrophy was established based on angiotensin-Ⅱ( Ang-Ⅱ)-induced neonatal mouse ventricular car-diomyocytes (NMVCs).Dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the interaction between miR-214 and the 3’ UTR of MEF2C.The expression of MEF2C and hypertrophy-related genes at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Wes-tern blotting, respectively.RESULTS:The expression of ANP, ACTA1,β-MHC and miR-214 was markedly increased in Ang-Ⅱ-in-duced hypertrophic cardiomyocytes .Dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-214 interacted with the 3’ UTR of MEF2C, and miR-214 was verified to inhibit MEF2C expression at the transcriptional level .The protein expression of MEF2C was markedly in-creased in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes .Moreover, miR-214 mimic, in parallel to MEF2C siRNA, inhibited the expression of hy-pertrophy-related genes in Ang-Ⅱ-induced NMVCs.CONCLUSION:MEF2C is a target gene of miR-214, which mediates the effect of miR-214 on attenuating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .
作者: 刊期: 2016年第08期
AIM:There is little evidence proving the molecular mechanism of WenxinKeli ( WXKL) .This study tried to explore the gene ex-pression profile and pathology alteration of WXKL-treated rabbits with myocardial infarction .METHOD: Twenty male adult rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham, model, WXKL and captopril groups .Model, WXKL and captopril groups underwent the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery , while sham group went through an identical procedure without ligation .WXKL (817 mg? kg-1? d-1), captopril (8 mg? kg -1? d-1) and distilled water (model and sham) were administered orally to the rabbits. 4 weeks later, hearts were taken out for expression chip and pathological staining (HE, Masson and TUNEL) after echocardiography. RESULT:WXKL could down-regulate genes associated with inflammation (CX3CR1, MRC1, and FPR1), apoptosis (cathepsin C and TTC5) and neuro-hormonal system (ACE and EDN1), and up-regulate angiogenesis promoting gene like RSPO 3, which explained why WXKL group represented with better cardiac function , less histopathological injury and slighter apoptosis .CONCLUSION:WXKL plays an important role in suppressing inflammation , inhibiting renin-angiotensin system and alleviating apoptosis , and might be a promising Chinese medicine in treating patients with myocardial infarction .
作者: 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:肺血管重构(PVR)是缺氧性肺动脉高压(HPH)的重要病理特征,机制不详。钙敏感受体(CaSR)是G蛋白耦联受体,多胺( PA)是小分子生物胺,均具有重要生理功能,并参与许多疾病的发生。本文拟观察CaSR和PA在大鼠缺氧性PVR和HPH中的作用并探讨其机制。方法:建立大鼠缺氧在体模型和细胞模型(氮气或氯化钴诱导),检测CaSR、多胺代谢、PVR相关参数及其信号通路分子。结果:与正常组相比,缺氧组在肺动脉压升高的同时,肺动脉平滑肌细胞( PASMCs )的CaSR、SSAT(多胺降解关键酶)、增殖细胞核抗原( PCNA)和骨桥蛋白( OPN)的表达上调,细胞内钙、细胞存活率和细胞增殖指数(PI)显著升高,而ODC(多胺生物合成关键酶)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)和肌钙蛋白的表达明显下调,精胺含量降低。CaSR激动剂(氯化钆和新霉素)可增强但CASR拮抗剂( NPS2390)可减弱缺氧效应。 PD98059( MEK1抑制剂)和LY294002(PI3K抑制剂)可逆转PCNA表达上调和缺氧诱导的PI增加。低浓度外源性精胺能显著抑制缺氧诱导的PASMCs增殖,使细胞周期阻滞在G1/G0期,抑制cyclin D1表达,增加p27蛋白表达,抑制ERK1/2、PI3K和Akt蛋白磷酸化。结论:CaSR激活和多胺失衡通过活化MEK1/ERK1/2和PI3K/Akt通路,参与缺氧诱导PASMCs增殖、表型转换、肺血管重构和HPH。这些为HPH预防和治疗提供了新思路。
作者:魏璨;彭雪;李光伟;徐长庆 刊期: 2016年第08期
AIM:To investigate the regulation mechanism for insufficient KChIP 2 expression induces Ito,f downregulation and arrhythmogene-sis in cardiac hypertrophy .METHODS:Bidirectional manipulations of MG 53 expression were performed by adenoviral overexpression of MG53 or knockdown of MG53 with RNA interference in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes with or without PE stimulation .Ito,f was re-corded with patch clamp in whole-cell mode 48 h after adenoviral transfection .Then the WT or MG53 knockout ( MG53 -/-) mouse model of left ventricular hypertrophy induced by transverse aortic constriction ( TAC) were used to detect the susceptibility to ventricu-lar arrhythmia.RESULTS: Here, we show muscle-specific MG53 regulates KChIP2 expression and Ito,f densities, where they are downregulated in hearts from MG53 knockout mice and MG53 knockdown rat cardiomyocytes , but upregulated in MG53 overexpressed cells.MG53 expression is decreased in phenylephrine ( PE)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and restoration of MG 53 rescues PE-induced downregulation of KChIP2 and Ito,f.Furthermore, MG53 is decreased in a mouse model of hypertrophy induced by transverse aortic constriction and ablation of MG 53 increases the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia by exaggerating Ito,f remodeling.CON-CLUSION:These findings establish MG53 as a novel regulator of Ito,f and its central role in arrhythmogenesis in hypertrophy .
作者: 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:Mip2是心肌缺血后适应的一个分子靶点,其表达能抑制氧化应激诱导的心肌细胞凋亡。基于MIP2为WD蛋白,本科室冯衍生博士利用大鼠心肌缺血再灌注动物模型,对MIP2可能的相互作用蛋白进行了筛选,质谱鉴定了若干个蛋白质,其中包括VDAC,但VDAC包括VDAC1、VDAC2和VDAC3,它们与MIP2的关系尚不清楚。本研究在此基础上进一步深入探讨MIP2的心肌细胞保护机制。方法:首先构建了MIP2和VDAC真核表达载体,利用了基因共转染探讨MIP2与VDAC可能的相互作用;然后采用不同的抗体免疫共沉淀加Western blot免疫印迹技术,主要探讨MIP2与VDAC1的相互作用;利用免疫荧光定位探讨MIP2与VDAC1在H9c2细胞内的分布;采用MIP2的结构突变,研究MIP2与VDAC1相互作用的结构域;后通过MIP2的全长与突变体探讨其对H9c2心肌细胞膜电位与细胞死亡率的影响,观察MIP2及其与蛋白相互作用对氧化应激损伤心肌细胞的保护作用。结果:MIP2与VDAC基因共转染后免疫共沉淀加Western blot 鉴定,结果显示MIP2与VDAC1和VDAC2有相互作用关系,与VDAC3无相互作用;GFP与VDAC1抗体免疫共沉淀进一步证明了这种相互作用;细胞免疫共定位显示,MIP2与VDAC1分布于细胞同一区域,支持其在细胞中存在相互作用;MIP2结构突变显示,位于其C端的WD40是与其它蛋白相互作用的结构域。心肌细胞转染基因后施以氧化应激处理,结果显示,虽然MIP2全长能抑制氧化应激诱导的H9 c2心肌细胞线粒体膜电位降低和细胞死亡,但其蛋白结合结构域不能有效抑制这种诱导性的膜电位降低与细胞死亡。结论:VDAC1是MIP2的一个作用靶点,MIP2 C端的WD40是其与VDAC1相互作用的一个结构域。 MIP2能抑制氧化应激诱导的心肌细胞线粒体膜电位降低与细胞死亡,其机制可能与调节VDAC1有关。
作者:蒋磊;陈广斌;王浩;刘可;张华莉;肖献忠 刊期: 2016年第08期
AIM:Increasing evidence suggests that carbohydrate-binding proteins play an essential role in tumor growth and metastasis .Ga-lectin-3, a multifunctional protein of an expanding family of β-galactoside-binding animal lectins , is the major nonintegrin cellular laminin-binding protein , and is implicated in a variety of biologic events , such as inflammation and angiogenesis .Because galectin-3 expression was shown to participate in mediating tumor angiogenesis and initiate signaling cascades in several diseases .We hypothe-sized that galectin-3 may promote pulmonary vascular endothelial neovascularization .METHODS:Hypoxic and MCT rat model of pul-monary artery remodeling was used .The mRNA and protein levels of galectin-3 in rats were measured by in situ hybrization and West-ern blot analysis.Endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration and tube formation were measured using MTT , cell scratch and Matri-gel assays, respectively.Protein expression was quantitated by Western blot analysis .LC 3A/B staining was detected with cellular im-munofluorescence staining .RESULTS:We found that galectin-3 was localized on the intima and adventitial wall .Galectin-3 was in-creased after rat hypoxia and MCT administration .Galectin-3 promoted EC proliferation , migration and tube formation , while its roles were reversed by RNA interference.Galectin-3 induced Atg 5, Beclin-1, LAMP-2, and LC 3A/B expression increases.Galectin-3 al-so increased LC 3A/B staining in ECs.Akt/mTOR and GSK-3βsignaling pathways were activated after galectin-3 treated ECs using its specific phosphorylation antibodies , while blocked it with LY294002 inhibited cell autophagy and EC dynamic alterations induced by galectin-3.CONCLUSION:These findings demonstrate that galectin-3 can induce an Akt signaling cascade leading to cell autoph-agy, and then the differentiation and angiogenesis of pulmonary artery endothelial cells .
作者: 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:利用Sprague-Dawley( SD)大鼠AMI模型评价Rho激酶抑制剂法舒地尔对心梗后心室重构的改善作用及其相关机制。方法:通过结扎左前降支冠脉法制备大鼠急性心梗( AMI)模型40只,随机分为AMI组,法舒地尔低、中、高剂量治疗组和卡维地洛治疗组,另设假手术组。连续给药4周后,进行超声心动图检测心功能指标,同时留取大鼠心肌组织标本检测Rho激酶、TGF-β1、Bax、Bcl-2、MMP-9表达和Smad2/Smad3信号通路的激活状态。结果:(1)超声心动图检测显示:与AMI组比较,法舒地尔3个治疗组对AMI后心室重构均有明显抑制作用,以中剂量组佳。(2)与AMI组比较,治疗组Rho激酶和TGF-β1的mRNA水平、Bax和MMP-9蛋白表达水平明显降低,Bcl-2水平升高,Smad2/Smad3信号通路激活程度明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:法舒地尔可抑制大鼠心梗后的心室重构。
作者:符永恒;李桃;杨敏;林秋雄;王映辉;张梦珍;朱杰宁;李怡;刘晓颖;单志新 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:VEGF-VASH1(vasohibin-1)通路在血管新生过程的精细调节中发挥重要作用,转录因子锌指蛋白667(zinc finger protein 667, ZNF667)具有促进血管新生作用。本研究主要探讨ZNF667对上述通路中VEGF和VASH1表达的调控,以期阐明ZNF667促进血管新生的分子机制。方法:采用LAD建立慢性心肌缺血小鼠模型,采用HE染色和CD31免疫组化分析缺血心肌组织形态学变化及微血管形成。采用Matrigel、划痕和Transwell分析HUVEC管型形成和迁移;采用Western blot、ELISA和定量PCR分别检测ZNF667和VASH1蛋白质和mRNA表达;mRNA测序分析ZNF667过表达HUVEC的mRNA差异表达;染色质免疫沉淀( chromatin immunoprecipitation , ChIP)检测ZNF667与VEGF和VASH1启动子区结合情况。结果:免疫组化和HE染色显示与假手术组相比,缺血心肌中组织损伤加重伴随有CD31+微血管数目增加,同时心肌组织中VEGF和ZNF667蛋白和mRNA表达呈时间依赖性增加,而VASH1表达降低。 mRNA测序、ELISA和定量PCR显示ZNF667过表达可促进HUVEC中VEGF表达而抑制VASH1表达。 VASH1过表达可抑制VEGF和ZNF667的促HUVEC管型形成和迁移作用。 ChIP显示ZNF667与VEGF(-346~-350 bp;-265~-269 bp)和VASH1(-170~-175 bp)基因启动子区结合。结论:HUVEC中ZNF667靶向调节VEGF-VASH1通路促进管型形成和迁移作用,这一调节机制可能参与缺血心肌中微血管新生过程。
作者:陈亦菲;邹江;王念;刘可;张华莉;王慷慨;肖献忠 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:探讨重组融合蛋白TAP-SSL5对ApoE基因敲除( ApoE-/-)小鼠动脉血管粥样硬化斑块形成的影响。方法:21只12周龄ApoE-/-小鼠随机分为3组,每日分别给予TAP-SSL5(3 mg/kg)、SSL5(2 mg/kg)及同等剂量的PBS,高脂饮食饲养12周后,石蜡切片观察主动脉根部粥样硬化斑块形成情况,并应用油红O染色法观察大体动脉标本斑块情况;后应用小鼠细胞炎症因子芯片检测TAP-SSL5对40种炎症因子在动脉组织内的表达情况。结果:高脂饲养12周后,TAP-SSL5组小鼠体重增长明显低于单纯喂食高脂饮食而不进行药物干预组,血清胆固醇( Tch)水平明显低于对照组,而甘油三酯( TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇( LDL)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇( HDL)水平无明显变化。TAP-SSL5可以减轻ApoE-/-小鼠动脉血管粥样硬化斑块形成(P<0.05)。炎症因子芯片表达分析显示,与对照组相比较,TAP-SSL5组GM-CSF、IL-3、IL-10、IL-1β、IL-12p40p70、IL-9、IL-12p70、KC、Lymphotactin、Leptin、MCP-1、MIG、MCSF、MIP-1α、 sTNF RI、RANTES和sTNF RII共17种细胞因子下调明显。结论:重组融合蛋白TAP-SSL5能够在一定程度上抑制ApoE-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成,其机制与其抗炎、抗凝及抗血小板特性有关,其对细胞因子表达调控的影响有待深入研究。
作者:曲小龙;胡厚源 刊期: 2016年第08期
长链非编码RNA( long noncoding RNA ,lncRNA)是一类转录本长度超过200个核苷酸的RNA分子,是RNA聚合酶II转录的副产物,起初它被认为是基因组转录的“噪音”,不具有生物学功能。近些年来的研究表明,lncRNA参与了X染色体沉默,基因组印记以及染色质修饰,转录激活,转录干扰,核内运输等多种重要的调控过程,lncRNA的这些调控作用也开始引起人们广泛关注。而且越来越多的研究表明,lncRNA 可通过调控多种细胞的增殖、凋亡、损伤、自噬和分化等过程,进而在心血管疾病的发生发展过程中发挥重要的生物学功能。本文主要就ln-cRNA 在心血管疾病中作用的新研究进展作一综述。
作者:覃伟峰;仉红刚 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:本研究旨在揭示高血压条件下血管平滑肌细胞( vascular smooth muscle cells , VSMCs )响应高周期性张应变后调控血管内皮细胞( endothelial cells , ECs)异常增殖的可能机制。方法:在体条件下,构建腹主动脉缩窄型高血压大鼠模型;体外条件下,用FX-4000T张应变加载系统对VSMCs施加5%和15%的周期性张应变。结果:与正常组相比,高血压组大鼠胸主动脉ECs中GRK6的表达水平显著降低,ECs增殖水平显著上升;体内和体外条件均存在VSMCs 源性MPs ( VSMC-MPs);miR-27a存在于 VSMC-MPs 中,并可靶向调控GRK6;15%周期张应变条件下产生的 VSMC-MPs 中miR-27a 的含量显著高于5%组,作用于ECs 后,15%组ECs 中miR-27a的水平显著高于5%组, GRK6的表达水平显著低于5%组, ECs 的增殖能力显著高于5%组;用从转染生物素连接的miR-27a (B-miR-27a)的VSMCs培养液中分离得到的MPs作用于ECs,在ECs中可以检测到B-miR-27a的存在;miR-27a正向调控ECs 的增殖,GRK6负向调控ECs 的增殖。结论:在高血压条件下,高周期性张应变促进VSMCs 分泌miR-27a,其可通过VSMC-MPs 转移到ECs 中,抑制GRK6表达,并终诱导ECs 异常增殖。
作者:王璐;姜宗来;齐颖新 刊期: 2016年第08期
目的:淋巴细胞表达胱硫醚γ裂解酶( cystathionine γ-lyase, CSE)/硫化氢( hydrogen sulfide , H2 S),但其是否参与高血压发病尚不清楚。本课题旨在探讨淋巴细胞CSE/H2 S拮抗高血压的免疫调节机制。方法:收取高血压患者及匹配的健康对照纳入研究。亚甲基蓝法检测外周淋巴细胞H2 S产率,Western blot 检测蛋白表达及磷酸化,RT-qPCR检测mRNA表达,biotin-switch法检测蛋白质硫氢化修饰。结果:高血压组外周血淋巴细胞CSE蛋白表达、H2 S产率及IL-10水平明显低于正常血压组,药物治疗血压恢复后CSE蛋白表达、H2 S产率及IL-10水平也恢复至正常水平。 SHR大鼠给予NaHS治疗4周后,动脉血压显著下调,同时Th17细胞亚群下调,而Treg亚群上调。分离小鼠脾脏CD4+T细胞,siRNA下调CSE或PAG均可抑制Treg的分化,减少IL-10的分泌。反之CSE过表达或H2 S供体可促进Treg分化和IL-10分泌。提示CD4+T细胞内源性CSE/H2 S可促进其向Treg亚群分化。 Treg细胞的分化受到能量代谢的调节。 CSE下调或PAG可抑制AMPK Thr172位点磷酸化,促进mTOR Ser2448位点磷酸化。反之CSE过表达或H2 S供体促进AMPK磷酸化,抑制mTOR磷酸化。 AMPK Thr172位点磷酸化受LKB1激酶调控,H2 S可促使LKB1 Cys430位点发生硫氢化修饰进而增加LKB1的磷酸化水平。结论:淋巴细胞内源性H2 S可使LKB1 Cys430位点硫氢化修饰并激活LKB1/AMPK通路,促使Treg细胞的分化,并使Treg募集到肾脏、血管周淋巴节,局部分泌IL-10增加,发挥其抗高血压作用。
作者:杜从阔;范静慧;徐文静;林宪娟;郑凤娇;耿彬 刊期: 2016年第08期
AIM:We investigated how AT 1-R stimulated by mechanical stresses induces cardiac fibrosis .METHODS:We produced in vivo cardiac pressure overload model in angiotensinogen knockout ( ATG-/-) mice and in vitro mechanically-stretched cell model in cultured neonatal cardiac cells of ATG-/-mice both lack the participation of Ang II .RESULTS: Pressure overload for 4 weeks in ATG-/-mice induced myocardial hypertrophy accompanied by the significant interstitial fibrosis , however , the TGF-β, a key regulatory factor of fibrosis, was not significantly increased in these ATG-/-mice.Meanwhile, the inhibitor for AT1-R significantly inhibited mechani-cal stress-induced cardiac fibrosis in these ATG-/-models whereas inhibition of TGF-βdid not.CONCLUSION:The results showed that mechanical stress-induced fibrotic responses through AT 1-R required the phosphorylation of Smad 2 but not the involvement of TGF-β.
作者: 刊期: 2016年第08期
家族性高胆固醇血症( familial hypercholesterolemia , FH)是一种常染色体显性单基因遗传性疾病。世界范围内FH杂合患者的发病率为1/500,纯合子患者症状严重,发病率为1/1000000。我们近诊断一位32岁女性FH伴早发冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者,血清总胆固醇含量12.99 mmol/L,其父母血脂水平正常。随后,我们应用高通量测序对患者及其母亲进行外显子组分析,测序数据首先与GRCh37数据库进行比对,将比对后检测到的同义突变、位于非编码区的突变以及数据库中已有的SNP筛除。根据其可能的遗传方式,按照常染色体隐性模式进一步筛选,发现148个插入/缺失突变,26个单碱基突变(包括1个无义突变和25个错义突变);对基因突变位点功能筛查和验证分析后,终发现了一个新的隐性纯合基因突变。该突变为LDLR基因第15个外显子的无义突变位点,该外显子编码O-糖链接结构域。研究中分别构建LDLR基因野生型及突变型表达质粒, Western blot结果显示,突变后的LDLR蛋白仍然可以正常表达,推测发生在O-糖链接结构域的突变可能影响LDLR蛋白在细胞膜上的正确定位,从而无法正常清除血浆中的LDL,终导致FH的发生。本次研究发现了一个新的位于LDLR基因中的隐性纯合突变,进一步丰富了LDLR基因的突变研究数据,也为FH的基因诊断提供更多的依据。
作者:周颖超;查灵凤;曹祝兵;吴健飞;谢强;凃欣 刊期: 2016年第08期