AIM:To investigate the effects of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived exosomes (hiPSC-exo) on cell viability, capillary-like structure formation , and senescence in endothelial cells exposed to high glucose .METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from the conditional medium of hiPSCs and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy , nanoparticle tracking analysis , and Western blot analysis using Alix and CD63 as markers.hiPSC-exo were labeled with PKH26 for tracking.Cultured HUVECs were treated with high glucose (33 mmol/L) with or without hiPSC-exo (20 mg/L) for 48 h, and cell viability, capillary tube formation, and senescence were assessed .RESULTS:hiPSC-exo showed a typical cup shape and could be taken up by human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a concentration-dependent manner.When exposed to high glucose, viability and tube formation in HUVECs was signifi-cantly reduced, whereas the proportion of senescent cells was higher compared to that in control HUVECs (P<0.01).Furthermore, hiPSC-exo restored cell viability and capillary-like structure formation , and reduced senescence in HUVECs exposed to high glucose (P<0.01).However, hiPSC-exo had minimal effects on normal HUVECs.Therefore, stem cell-derived exosomes can promote cell proliferation, enhance capillary-like structure formation , and reduce senescence in endothelial cells exposed to high glucose . CONCLUSION:Our study highlights the role of exosomes derived from hiPSC and may provide a new strategy for maintaining vascular health, preventing vascular aging , and avoiding pathological vascular remodeling that occurs in many diseases .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：C1q／肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白－3（CTRP3）是一种脂肪细胞因子，它与多种代谢性及心血管疾病密切相关，但CTRP3对线粒体生物生成的影响尚不清楚。本研究主要探讨CTRP3对心肌细胞线粒体生物生成的影响及相关机制。方法：原代培养乳大鼠心肌细胞并给予CTRP3处理。使用PCR、Western blot和免疫共沉淀等方法分别检测线粒体生物生成相关蛋白、线粒体DNA拷贝数、ATP含量和sirtuin 1（ SIRT1）活性的变化。结果：CTRP3显著增加过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体共激活因子1α（ PGC－1α）、核呼吸因子1（ NRF－1）、线粒体转录因子A（ TFAM）、线粒体氧化磷酸化复合物III和V的表达。 CTRP3显著升高心肌线粒体DNA拷贝数和ATP含量，而在心肌细胞中敲低PGC－1α可使上述效应减弱。预孵育腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（ AMPK）的抑制剂AraA可以逆转由CTRP3引起的NRF－1、TFAM和复合物III、V的表达升高。 CTRP3可上调SIRT1的表达和活性，SIRT1抑制剂EX－527可阻断CTRP3对PGC－1α的去乙酰化调节作用。此外，CTRP3对SIRT1表达和活性的促进作用也可被AraA所阻断。结论：CTRP3通过AMPK／PGC－1α通路促进心肌细胞线粒体生物生成。
作者：张城林；冯寒；李丽；王瑾瑜；张艳；吴立玲 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：构建人食管鳞状细胞癌组织来源的移植瘤模型，并了解其病理学特征和增殖相关的信号通路活化情况。方法：将人食管癌组织移植于重度联合免疫缺陷（ SCID）小鼠皮下，待移植瘤长成后对其进行鼠间连续传代。观察第1、第2、第3代移植瘤的生长特性。并对患者肿瘤组织、第1代和第3代移植瘤进行HE染色和CK5／6、p63、p40免疫组织化学染色分析。 Western blot实验检测4例所建立的移植瘤中mTOR、p－mTOR、p70S6K、p－p70S6K、Akt1、p－Akt （ Ser473）、Erk1／2和p－Erk1／2的表达情况。结果：成功建立移植瘤模型，移植瘤生长稳定并能连续传代。各移植瘤组织病理组织类型和CK5／6、p63、p40表达阳性与患者肿瘤组织一致。而在不同病人来源的移植瘤组织中信号转导通路蛋白的活化程度差异有统计学意义。结论：成功建立了人食管鳞状细胞癌组织来源的食管癌移植瘤模型，初步论证该模型能够反映患者的病理特征。
作者：金玉茜；李珂；尹学善；谢祎飞；王艳红；赵四敏；江亚南；赵继敏；赵松；田芳；路静；刘康栋；董子明 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探讨抑制miR－21可否减轻CVB3诱导的BALB／c小鼠心脏微血管损伤，阻断致病因子向靶器官迁移，从而减轻靶器官组织病变。方法：3～4周龄雄性BALB／c小鼠CVB3腹腔注射后饲养1周诱导急性病毒性心肌炎（ VMC）模型；BALB／c小鼠每月腹腔注射CVB31次共饲养3个月，诱导为慢性VMC模型。注射CVB3同时尾静脉注射抗miR－21质粒以敲低miR－21表达。结果：急性VMC小鼠外周血miR－21表达增加，心肌Bcl－2和CVB3－VP1表达增加。小鼠体内注射anti－miR－21质粒后，外周血miR－21表达降低，心肌caspase－3活性和CVB3－VP1表达下降，Bcl－2表达增加，HE染色心肌组织及心脏微血管病变减轻，TUNEL染色心肌细胞凋亡减少。慢性VMC小鼠心肌胶原表达增加，微血管密度减少，心功能下降。敲低miR－21增加慢性VMC小鼠心肌微血管密度，减少胶原沉积，改善小鼠心功能。体外过表达miR－21诱导CMVECs凋亡，减少心脏微血管新生。结论：靶向抑制miR－21可能通过抑制CMVECs凋亡，阻断致病因子向靶器官迁移，降低心肌病毒载量、减轻心肌炎心肌病变。慢性VMC小鼠中，可能是通过减少胶原沉积、减轻心肌纤维化，增加微血管新生，改善心功能。因此，miR－21可能是治疗病毒性心肌炎的新靶点。
作者：虞勇；李冰玉；贾剑国；邹云增；陈瑞珍 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:Atherosclerosis primarily involved systemic arteries .Luminal surface , a monolayer of endothelial cells , of artery directly exposes to blood and is susceptible to active substances in the blood .Exosomes contain significantly amount of proteins and RNAs .Ex-osomes can be good and bad for cells , depending on their component .Thus, exosomes may contribute to atherosclerosis by affecting endothelial cells .This study analyzed the relationship of exosome proteins and atherosclerosis .METHODS: Fifty-six patients and healthy subjects were recruited and divided into two comparisons:healthy subjects vs atherosclerosis ( HS vs AS) , and hypertension vs hypertension plus atherosclerosis ( HT vs HT+AS) .Serum exosomes were decoded by protein mass spectrometry .The protein profile and function were analyzed by gene ontology ( GO) .RESULTS:It was found that five child terms repeatedly appeared in “response to stimulus” and “immune system process” of BP of the two categories ( HS vs AS and AS vs HT+AS):“positive regulation of innate immune response”,“immune response-activating signal transduction”,”activation of innate immune response”,“innate immune re-sponse-activating signal transduction” and “innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway ”.Two child terms repeatedly showed in “binding” of MF of the two categories:“antigen binding” and “enzyme binding”.Two proteins, PSMA6 and PSMA7, were repeatedly shown in the two categories .CONCLUSION:GO analysis was utilized for structure hierarchy “tree” to illustrate these proteins involved in various terms in BP , CC and MF.The PPI analysis supplied proteins which may play potentially im-portant roles in AS process .Innate immune system and blood coagulation pathway contribute to AS formation .The proteins, PSMA6, PSMA7 and Annexin A2, may can be the new target proteins for prevention and treatment of AS .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells have shown great therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine .In this study, we performed meta-analysis to assess the clinical effectiveness of using exosomes in ischemia /reperfusion injury based on the reports pub-lished between January 2000 and September 2015 and indexed in the PubMed and Web of Science databases .The effect of exosomes on heart function was evaluated according to the following parameters:the area at risk as a percentage of the left ventricle , infarct size as a percentage of the area at risk , infarct size as a percentage of the left ventricle , left ventricular ejection fraction , left ventricular frac-tion shortening , end-diastolic volume , and end-systolic volume .Our analysis indicated that the currently available evidence confirmed the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-secreted exosomes in the improvement of heart function .However , further mechanis-tic studies, therapeutic safety and clinical trials are required for optimization and validation of this approach to cardiac regeneration after ischemia/reperfusion injury .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探究血小板源微体介导的miR－142－3p转移对血管内皮细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法：芯片预测血小板中高表达而内皮细胞中低表达的miRNA；thrombin刺激SD大鼠源血小板， CD62P标记流式细胞术检测释放微体的数量， qPCR检测miR－142－3p和阳性对照miRNA－223的表达水平；荧光共聚焦显微镜观察血小板源微体黏附过程；Western blotting 和双萤光素酶报告实验验证miR－142－3p与靶基因的作用关系；ELISA BrdU试剂盒检测细胞增殖；cleaved caspase－9 ELISA试剂盒和annexin V／PI双标流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡；miR－142－3p inhibitor和mimics用于研究细胞功能和相关信号通路。结果：根据芯片预测结果筛选miR－142－3p为血小板中高表达、内皮细胞低表达的miRNA。血小板源微体刺激内皮细胞，通过黏附后融合将miR－142－3p转移入内皮细胞进而调控靶基因。通过miRNA靶基因预测软件和IPA筛选，预测BCLAF1为miR－142－3p的靶基因并通过双萤光素酶报告实验予以证实。血小板源微体以及miR－142－3p mimics刺激内皮细胞，BCLAF1蛋白表达显著降低，内皮细胞增殖明显增加，凋亡明显降低。结论：血小板源miR－142－3p可通过微体进入内皮细胞，调控内皮细胞增殖和凋亡，具有潜在临床应用前景。
作者：包晗；陈小虎；黄凯；姚庆苹；韩悦；张萍；姜宗来；齐颖新 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：肺血管重构（PVR）是缺氧性肺动脉高压（HPH）的重要病理特征，机制不详。钙敏感受体（CaSR）是G蛋白耦联受体，多胺（ PA）是小分子生物胺，均具有重要生理功能，并参与许多疾病的发生。本文拟观察CaSR和PA在大鼠缺氧性PVR和HPH中的作用并探讨其机制。方法：建立大鼠缺氧在体模型和细胞模型（氮气或氯化钴诱导），检测CaSR、多胺代谢、PVR相关参数及其信号通路分子。结果：与正常组相比，缺氧组在肺动脉压升高的同时，肺动脉平滑肌细胞（ PASMCs ）的CaSR、SSAT（多胺降解关键酶）、增殖细胞核抗原（ PCNA）和骨桥蛋白（ OPN）的表达上调，细胞内钙、细胞存活率和细胞增殖指数（PI）显著升高，而ODC（多胺生物合成关键酶）、α－平滑肌肌动蛋白（α－SMA）和肌钙蛋白的表达明显下调，精胺含量降低。CaSR激动剂（氯化钆和新霉素）可增强但CASR拮抗剂（ NPS2390）可减弱缺氧效应。 PD98059（ MEK1抑制剂）和LY294002（PI3K抑制剂）可逆转PCNA表达上调和缺氧诱导的PI增加。低浓度外源性精胺能显著抑制缺氧诱导的PASMCs增殖，使细胞周期阻滞在G1／G0期，抑制cyclin D1表达，增加p27蛋白表达，抑制ERK1／2、PI3K和Akt蛋白磷酸化。结论：CaSR激活和多胺失衡通过活化MEK1／ERK1／2和PI3K／Akt通路，参与缺氧诱导PASMCs增殖、表型转换、肺血管重构和HPH。这些为HPH预防和治疗提供了新思路。
作者：魏璨；彭雪；李光伟；徐长庆 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探讨转录因子心肌缺血预处理上调蛋白1（ myocardial ischemic preconditioning upregulated protein 1， MIPU1）促进血管新生的分子机制。方法：mRNA测序分析MIPU1过表达人脐静脉内皮细胞（ HUVEC ）的mRNA差异表达；染色质免疫沉淀（chromatin immunoprecipitation， CHIP）检测MIPU1与基质金属蛋白酶14（matrix metalloproteinase 14， MMP14）启动子区结合情况；采用Matrigel、划痕和Transwell分析HUVEC管型形成和迁移；采用Western blot和定量PCR分别检测MIPU1和MMP14蛋白质和mRNA表达；采用LAD建立慢性心肌缺血小鼠模型，采用HE染色和CD31免疫组化分析缺血心肌组织形态学变化及微血管形成。结果：免疫组化和HE染色显示与假手术组相比，缺血心肌中组织损伤加重伴随有CD31＋微血管数目增加，同时心肌组织中MMP14和MIPU1蛋白和mRNA表达增加。 RNA测序显示与对照组相比MIPU1过表达HUVEC中MMP14 mR－NA增加约4倍。 MMP14特异性siRNA转染显著下调MMP14蛋白表达后，可抑制MIPU1促HUVEC管型形成和迁移作用；相反，MMP14过表达可增加MIPU1的上述作用。生物信息学分析显示MMP14启动子区含有2个MIPU1结合元件核心序列（“CTTA”），CHIP结果显示MIPU1与MMP14启动子区－217～－221 bp和－110～－106 bp处的“CTTA”有结合。结论：MIPU1通过上调MMP14促进HUVEC的管型形成和迁移作用，这一调节机制可能参与缺血心肌中微血管新生过程。
作者：邹江；陈亦菲；蔡思明；王念；刘可；张华莉；王慷慨；肖献忠 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：淋巴细胞表达胱硫醚γ裂解酶（ cystathionine γ－lyase， CSE）／硫化氢（ hydrogen sulfide ， H2 S），但其是否参与高血压发病尚不清楚。本课题旨在探讨淋巴细胞CSE／H2 S拮抗高血压的免疫调节机制。方法：收取高血压患者及匹配的健康对照纳入研究。亚甲基蓝法检测外周淋巴细胞H2 S产率，Western blot 检测蛋白表达及磷酸化，RT－qPCR检测mRNA表达，biotin－switch法检测蛋白质硫氢化修饰。结果：高血压组外周血淋巴细胞CSE蛋白表达、H2 S产率及IL－10水平明显低于正常血压组，药物治疗血压恢复后CSE蛋白表达、H2 S产率及IL－10水平也恢复至正常水平。 SHR大鼠给予NaHS治疗4周后，动脉血压显著下调，同时Th17细胞亚群下调，而Treg亚群上调。分离小鼠脾脏CD4＋T细胞，siRNA下调CSE或PAG均可抑制Treg的分化，减少IL－10的分泌。反之CSE过表达或H2 S供体可促进Treg分化和IL－10分泌。提示CD4＋T细胞内源性CSE／H2 S可促进其向Treg亚群分化。 Treg细胞的分化受到能量代谢的调节。 CSE下调或PAG可抑制AMPK Thr172位点磷酸化，促进mTOR Ser2448位点磷酸化。反之CSE过表达或H2 S供体促进AMPK磷酸化，抑制mTOR磷酸化。 AMPK Thr172位点磷酸化受LKB1激酶调控，H2 S可促使LKB1 Cys430位点发生硫氢化修饰进而增加LKB1的磷酸化水平。结论：淋巴细胞内源性H2 S可使LKB1 Cys430位点硫氢化修饰并激活LKB1／AMPK通路，促使Treg细胞的分化，并使Treg募集到肾脏、血管周淋巴节，局部分泌IL－10增加，发挥其抗高血压作用。
作者：杜从阔；范静慧；徐文静；林宪娟；郑凤娇；耿彬 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：动物实验表明高盐摄入可降低循环及肾脏中肾胺酶的表达水平。本研究拟探讨钠、钾摄入对成人血清和尿中肾胺酶表达的影响。方法：42名（28～65岁）来自中国北方农村的受试者参与了这项研究。所有受试者依次接受低盐饮食7 d（氯化钠3 g／d），高盐饮食7 d（氯化钠18 g／d），高盐补钾饮食7 d（氯化钠18 g＋氯化钾4．5 g／d）。血清及尿中肾胺酶水平用ELISA试剂盒进行检测。结果：低盐饮食期，血清中肾胺酶水平较基线期显著升高。低盐转向高盐饮食期时，血清肾胺酶水平随之下降，但同时给予补钾后，可阻止高盐所致的肾胺酶水平下降。尿中肾胺酶水平在高盐饮食期显著高于低盐期。高盐补钾期，尿中肾胺酶水平与单纯高盐期相比无显著差异，但显著高于低盐饮食期。24 h尿钠排泄与血清中肾胺酶水平呈负相关，与尿中肾胺酶水平呈正相关。结论：饮食中钠、钾含量的变化可显著影响中国人血清及尿中肾胺酶的表达水平。
作者：吕永波；汪洋；牟建军 刊期： 2016年第08期
线粒体作为细胞能量代谢的重要场所，通过氧化磷酸化过程生成ATP为细胞供能。近年的研究表明，线粒体除具有能量生成功能之外，还参与母性遗传、多种生物大分子代谢以及细胞程序性死亡等病理过程。由此可见，线粒体的自身内源性平衡直接决定细胞的命运，线粒体的生成和自噬保持动态平衡。神经元主要以氧化磷酸化提供能量，维持神经元内各种生物学功能的完整，因此神经元内线粒体总体积分数约占细胞体积的30％。脑组织缺血再灌注将导致神经元线粒体结构破坏，线粒体DNA数量减少，生成能力降低，终引起线粒体氧化磷酸化功能下降，导致神经元能量匮乏而凋亡。
作者：王来；祝世功 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:Increasing evidence suggests that carbohydrate-binding proteins play an essential role in tumor growth and metastasis .Ga-lectin-3, a multifunctional protein of an expanding family of β-galactoside-binding animal lectins , is the major nonintegrin cellular laminin-binding protein , and is implicated in a variety of biologic events , such as inflammation and angiogenesis .Because galectin-3 expression was shown to participate in mediating tumor angiogenesis and initiate signaling cascades in several diseases .We hypothe-sized that galectin-3 may promote pulmonary vascular endothelial neovascularization .METHODS:Hypoxic and MCT rat model of pul-monary artery remodeling was used .The mRNA and protein levels of galectin-3 in rats were measured by in situ hybrization and West-ern blot analysis.Endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration and tube formation were measured using MTT , cell scratch and Matri-gel assays, respectively.Protein expression was quantitated by Western blot analysis .LC 3A/B staining was detected with cellular im-munofluorescence staining .RESULTS:We found that galectin-3 was localized on the intima and adventitial wall .Galectin-3 was in-creased after rat hypoxia and MCT administration .Galectin-3 promoted EC proliferation , migration and tube formation , while its roles were reversed by RNA interference.Galectin-3 induced Atg 5, Beclin-1, LAMP-2, and LC 3A/B expression increases.Galectin-3 al-so increased LC 3A/B staining in ECs.Akt/mTOR and GSK-3βsignaling pathways were activated after galectin-3 treated ECs using its specific phosphorylation antibodies , while blocked it with LY294002 inhibited cell autophagy and EC dynamic alterations induced by galectin-3.CONCLUSION:These findings demonstrate that galectin-3 can induce an Akt signaling cascade leading to cell autoph-agy, and then the differentiation and angiogenesis of pulmonary artery endothelial cells .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
家族性高胆固醇血症（ familial hypercholesterolemia ， FH）是一种常染色体显性单基因遗传性疾病。世界范围内FH杂合患者的发病率为1／500，纯合子患者症状严重，发病率为1／1000000。我们近诊断一位32岁女性FH伴早发冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者，血清总胆固醇含量12．99 mmol／L，其父母血脂水平正常。随后，我们应用高通量测序对患者及其母亲进行外显子组分析，测序数据首先与GRCh37数据库进行比对，将比对后检测到的同义突变、位于非编码区的突变以及数据库中已有的SNP筛除。根据其可能的遗传方式，按照常染色体隐性模式进一步筛选，发现148个插入／缺失突变，26个单碱基突变（包括1个无义突变和25个错义突变）；对基因突变位点功能筛查和验证分析后，终发现了一个新的隐性纯合基因突变。该突变为LDLR基因第15个外显子的无义突变位点，该外显子编码O－糖链接结构域。研究中分别构建LDLR基因野生型及突变型表达质粒， Western blot结果显示，突变后的LDLR蛋白仍然可以正常表达，推测发生在O－糖链接结构域的突变可能影响LDLR蛋白在细胞膜上的正确定位，从而无法正常清除血浆中的LDL，终导致FH的发生。本次研究发现了一个新的位于LDLR基因中的隐性纯合突变，进一步丰富了LDLR基因的突变研究数据，也为FH的基因诊断提供更多的依据。
作者：周颖超；查灵凤；曹祝兵；吴健飞；谢强；凃欣 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探讨趋化因子受体7（CCR7）及血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF－C）蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平，并分析二者与乳腺癌预后的关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学技术，联合检测CCR7和VEGF－C蛋白分别在乳腺癌组织及正常乳腺组织中的表达差异情况，并分析二者与乳腺癌各相关临床病理特征之间的关系。采用Kap－lan－Meier法来评估CCR7及VEGF－C蛋白的异常表达与乳腺癌患者生存期之间的关系。结果： CCR7蛋白在乳腺癌组织（68％）中的阳性表达率高于正常乳腺组织（30％），差异有统计学显著性（P＜0．01）；而VEGF－C蛋白在乳腺癌组织（71％）中的阳性表达率也明显高于正常乳腺组织（24％），差异也有统计学显著性（P＜0．01）。且在乳腺癌组织中，CCR7与VEGF－C蛋白的表达呈正相关关系（r＝0．613，P＜0．01）。 CCR7和VEGF－C蛋白的高表达均与淋巴结转移和TNM分期有关（P＜0．05），而与年龄、肿瘤大小、雌激素受体和孕激素受体均无关。 CCR7及VEGF－C蛋白阳性表达者的生存期低于阴性表达者，两组比较差异有统计学显著性（ P＜0．05）。结论： CCR7与VEGF－C的异常高表达可能与乳腺癌预后关系密切，二者可作为判断乳腺癌预后不良的重要指标之一。
作者：刘清华；于国华；刘雨清 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：很多长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）在心血管系统中具有重要作用，其中某些lncRNA参与血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）增殖与迁移的调控。方法：通过分析多例高血压病人与健康人群血浆lncRNA表达谱，筛选出在高血压病人与正常人群中差异表达的lncRNA进行深入分析研究。结果：通过比较高血压病人与正常人群血浆中lncRNA表达的不同，发现一条新的ln－cRNA———LncVSM，其在高血压病人的 VSMCs 中高表达。用腺病毒诱导 LncVSM 过表达能够增加由血小板源生长因子（PDGF）刺激引起的人主动脉平滑肌细胞（ HASMCs）的增殖，敲低LncVSM能够引起相反的效应。体外趋化实验表明过表达LncVSM后，HASMCs的迁移能力增强，若敲低LncVSM，无论PDGF或者AngII刺激，HASMCs的迁移能力均减弱。同时，研究发现过表达LncVSM后，α－SMA表达减少，OPN和collagen I表达升高；敲低LncVSM出现相反变化。 LncVSM能够直接与MYH11和FN－1结合，过表达或敲低LncVSM，其表达水平出现不同的变化。构建过表达LncVSM的转基因大鼠，与野生型大鼠比较，转基因鼠在10周龄出现自发性高血压，并且蛋白表达水平变化与细胞实验一致。结论：LncVSM是新发现的一条能够调控VSMCs表型转换并且与高血压相关的lncRNA。
作者：耿彬；林宪娟；金翎；范晓芳；王文洁；李晶；刘晓艳；鲍明慧；王怡丹；崔晓；杨磊；崔庆华；蔡军 刊期： 2016年第08期
目的：探讨miR－130a在血管紧张素II（angiotensin II， Ang II）诱导心脏间质纤维化中的作用及分子机制。方法：埋植Ang II微渗泵制备小鼠心室重塑模型，超声心动检测小鼠心功能；离体培养乳鼠心脏成纤维细胞，real－time PCR和Western blot检测分子的基因及蛋白表达。结果：在埋植Ang II微渗泵的小鼠心肌组织以及Ang II刺激的乳鼠心脏成纤维细胞，Ang II可上调miR－130a的表达。小鼠腹腔注射25 mg／kg miR－130a 抑制剂锁核酸（locked nucleic acid， LNA）－anti－miR－130a可显著抑制Ang II引起的心肌组织中miR－130a表达增加，改善Ang II引起心脏间质纤维化及舒缩功能障碍。转染miR－130a mimic可进一步促进Ang II引起的纤维化相关分子的表达增加以及肌成纤维细胞转化，miR－130a inhibitor则可抑制Ang II的上述作用。过表达PPAR－γ可抑制Ang II以及Ang II和miR－130a mimic联合应用引起的纤维化相关分子的表达。结论：miR－130a通过调控PPAR－γ的表达参与Ang II的促纤维化效应。
作者：李丽；张城林；赵茜；吴立玲 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:To investigate the relationship between polyamine metabolism and hypoxia /ischemia ( H/I)-induced cell apoptosis and to determine the mechanisms by which exogenous spermine protects cell apoptosis against AMI in rats .METHOD:The left anterior de-scending coronary artery ( LAD) of the Wistar rats were ligated , and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were placed under hypoxic conditions for 24 h to establish the model of AMI (or H/I).Exogenous spermine was administered by intraperitoneal injection (2.5 mg/kg daily for 7 days) in vitro and subjected to the cell medium at 5μmol/L as a pre-treatment therapy.RESULTS:AMI (or H/I) induced an increase in polyamine catabolized enzyme SSAT and a decrease in polyamine biosynthesis enzyme ODC , which result in endogenous spermine and spermidine decrease and putrescine increase .At the same time, AMI ( or H/I) lowered cardiac function , increased cTnI and CK-MB concentrations , aggravated myocardial infarct size , cardiomyocyte damage and apoptosis , raised ROS generation , increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related proteins, promoted the release of cytochrome C and mPTP opening , down-regulated Bcl-2 expression and the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2, PI3K, Akt and GSK-3β, and activated PERK and eIF 2αphosphorylation .Spermine pre-treatment reversed the above-motioned changes .CONCLUSION:AMI ( or H/I ) could induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis and polyamine metabolism disorder .Exogenous spermine attenuates cardiac injury through scavenging the ROS and inhibiting mPTP opening and ERS injury .These findings provide a novel target for the prevention of apoptosis in the setting of AMI .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:MicroRNAs ( miRNAs) were recognized to play significant roles in cardiac hypertrophy .But, it remains unknown whether cyclin/Rb pathway is modulated by miRNAs during cardiac hypertrophy .This study investigates the potential roles of microRNA-1 (miR-1) and microRNA-16 (miR-16) in modulating cyclin/Rb pathway during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .METHODS:An animal model of hypertrophy was established in a rat with abdominal aortic constriction (AAC).In addition, a cell model of hypertrophy was also achieved based on PE-promoted neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte .RESULTS:miR-1 and-16 expression were markedly de-creased in hypertrophic myocardium and hypertrophic cardiomyocytes in rats .Overexpression of miR-1 and -16 suppressed rat cardiac hypertrophy and hypertrophic phenotype of cultured cardiomyocytes .Expression of cyclins D1, D2 and E1, CDK6 and phosphorylated pRb was increased in hypertrophic myocardium and hypertrophic cardiomyocytes , but could be reversed by enforced expression of miR-1 and -16.CDK6 was validated to be modulated post-transcriptionally by miR-1, and cyclins D1, D2 and E1 were further validated to be modulated post-transcriptionally by miR-16.CONCLUSION: Attenuations of miR-1 and -16 provoke cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via derepressing the cyclins D1, D2, E1 and CDK6, and activating cyclin/Rb pathway.
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
AIM:There is little evidence proving the molecular mechanism of WenxinKeli ( WXKL) .This study tried to explore the gene ex-pression profile and pathology alteration of WXKL-treated rabbits with myocardial infarction .METHOD: Twenty male adult rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham, model, WXKL and captopril groups .Model, WXKL and captopril groups underwent the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery , while sham group went through an identical procedure without ligation .WXKL (817 mg? kg-1? d-1), captopril (8 mg? kg -1? d-1) and distilled water (model and sham) were administered orally to the rabbits. 4 weeks later, hearts were taken out for expression chip and pathological staining (HE, Masson and TUNEL) after echocardiography. RESULT:WXKL could down-regulate genes associated with inflammation (CX3CR1, MRC1, and FPR1), apoptosis (cathepsin C and TTC5) and neuro-hormonal system (ACE and EDN1), and up-regulate angiogenesis promoting gene like RSPO 3, which explained why WXKL group represented with better cardiac function , less histopathological injury and slighter apoptosis .CONCLUSION:WXKL plays an important role in suppressing inflammation , inhibiting renin-angiotensin system and alleviating apoptosis , and might be a promising Chinese medicine in treating patients with myocardial infarction .
作者： 刊期： 2016年第08期
中国病理生理杂志
主管:中国科学技术协会
主办：中国病理生理学会
